Hydropericardium
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Fluid accumulation within the pericardial sac may lead to fibrous thickening and opacity of the pericardium if prolonged. Villous proliferation of the serosa will occur due to the irritation caused by the presence of the fluid.
Large volumes of fluid within the pericardial sac may cause cardiac tamponade. Serous transudate into the pericardial sac due to congestive heart failure. Will also see ascites, hydrothorax etc also associated with right sided congestive heart failure.
Hydropericardium may also be seen with:
- Neoplasia.
- Anaemia.
- General debility.
- Toxins E.g. Protein rich fluid found within the pericardium with fibrin clots seen with the clostridial enterotoxaemia Pulpy kidney disease.