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Pathology Words
- Encephalo- - Of the Brain
- Meningo - Of the Meninges
- Myelo- - Of the Spinal cord
- Leuko- - Of the white matter
- Polio- - Of the gray matter
- Encephalitis - Inflammation of the brain
- Meningitis - Inflammation of the Meninges
- Meningoencephalitis - Inflammation of the brain and meninges
- Myelitis - Inflammation of the Spinal Cord
- Ganglioradiculitis - Inflammation of cranial and spinal ganglia and roots
- Polyradiculoneuritis - Inflammation of multiple spinal or cranial nerve roots
- Malacia - Necrosis
- Leukoencephalomalacia - Necrosis of the white matter of the brain
- Leukomyelomalacia - Necrosis of the white matter in the spinal cord
- Polioencephalomalacia - Necrosis of the gray matter in the brain
- Poliomyelomalacia - Necrosis of the gray matter in the spinal cord
- Astrocytosis - Increased numbers of astrocytes (hyperplasia)
- Astrogliosis (or gliosis) - Increased numbers of glial fibers
- Gemistocytes - Highly reactive astrocytes with abundant pink cytoplasm and distinct cell borders
- Gemistocytic astrocytosis - Astrocytic hyperplasia in which gemistocytic forms predominate
- Leptomeninges - Pia and arachnoid mater together
- Pachymeninges - Dura mater
- Telencephalon - Cerebral hemispheres
- Diencephalon -
- Mesencephalon - Midbrain
- Metencephalon - Cerebellum and pons
- Myelencephalon - Medulla
Musculoskeletal Words
- Sarcolemma - cell membrane of the muscle fiber, containing a plasma membrane and an outer coat of polysaccharide conaining collagen fibrils; fuses with tendon fiber at the end of the muscle fiber
- Z disc passes in the transverse plane across the myofibril to attach successive myofibrils together, enabling muscle cells to act as a syncitium and giving skeletal muscle its classic striated appearance
- Sarcomere the portion of the myofibril that lies between two successive Z discs
- Sarcoplasm fills spaces between myofibrils, containing potassium, magnesium, and phosphate
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum specialy organized reticula to control muscle contraction, site of calcium ion storage
Dermatology Words
- Acantholysis - loss of cohesion between cells of living epidermis, especially stratum spinosum
- Acanthosis - hyperplasia of stratum spinosum
- Adnexa - cutaneous appendages - hair, claws, glands
- Alopecia - abscence of hair in an area where it is normally present
- Anagen - growth phase of hair cycle
- Comedo - plugged and dilated hair follicle
- Crust - accumulation of solid exudate on skin surface, serocellular or haemorrhagic
- Epidermal collarettes - peeling edge of epithelium surrounding an ulcer or erosion
- Erosion - superficial ulcer involvng only epidermis, heals without scarring
- Erythema - reddening of skin caused by congestion of capillaries
- Furunculosis - rupture of hair follicles with severe inflammation
- Hyperkeratosis - increased thickness of stratum spinosum
- Lichenification - thickeningof skin superficial layers with exaggerated crevices
- Macule - circumscribed change in skin colour < 1cm in diameter
- Papule - solid elevation of skin, <1cm in diameter
- Parakeratosis - abnormal cornification, keratinocytes retain their nuclei
- Paronychia - inflammation of tissue fold around nail bed
- Patch - macule > 1cm in diameter
- Plaque - flet topped swelling > 1cm in diameter
- Pustule - small circumscribed elevation containing pus
- Scale - fragments of stratum corneum
- Scar - fibrous tissue area that replaced damaged dermis or subcutaneous tissue
- Telogen - resting phase of hair cycle
- Ulcer - break in epidermis with exposed underlying dermis
- Urticaria - vascular reaction in dermis, consists of transient wheals
- Vesicle - blister <1cm in diameter