Changes

'''Dogs'''

'''Dogs'''

:Canine lymphoma is normally '''multicentric''', therefore the ideal method for collecting a sample for cytological examination is '''fine needle aspiration of the lymph nodes'''. Ideally samples should come from '''multiple nodes''' to give a representative sample. '''Popliteal''' and '''prescapular lymph nodes''' are easily accessible and therefore ideal for sampling. Submandibular lymph nodes should be avoided where possible as they are commonly enlarged and reactive as a  

:Canine lymphoma is normally '''multicentric''', therefore the ideal method for collecting a sample for cytological examination is '''fine needle aspiration of the lymph nodes'''. Ideally samples should come from '''multiple nodes''' to give a representative sample. '''Popliteal''' and '''prescapular lymph nodes''' are easily accessible and therefore ideal for sampling. Submandibular lymph nodes should be avoided where possible as they are commonly enlarged and reactive as a result of dental disease. It should be noted that canine lymphoma can occur in any organ containing lymphoid tissue.

result of dental disease. It should be noted that canine lymphoma can occur in any organ containing lymphoid tissue.

'''Cats'''

'''Cats'''

:Feline lymphoma is more '''variable''' in its presentation, with the three types  ('''mediastinal''', '''alimentary''' and '''multicentric''') common in general practice. The  

:Feline lymphoma is more '''variable''' in its presentation, with the three types  ('''mediastinal''', '''alimentary''' and '''multicentric''') common in general practice. The sample taken for cytological examination should be appropriate for the type of lymphoma:

sample taken for cytological examination should be appropriate for the type of lymphoma:

::'''Ultrasound guided aspirates''', '''partial thickness endoscopic grab biopsies''' or '''full thickness biopsies''' via '''exploratory laparotomy''' for intenstinal lymphoma

::'''Ultrasound guided aspirates''', '''partial thickness endoscopic grab biopsies''' or '''full thickness biopsies''' via '''exploratory laparotomy''' for intenstinal lymphoma

::'''Pleural fluid aspirate''' with or without supporting '''ultrasounded-guided aspirate or core biopsy''' of the mass (which will differentiate it from thymoma) with mediastinal lymphoma

::'''Pleural fluid aspirate''' with or without supporting '''ultrasounded-guided aspirate or core biopsy''' of the mass (which will differentiate it from thymoma) with mediastinal lymphoma

:'''NB'''. Lymphoma should not be confused with [[Lymph Node Abnormalities#Reactive Lymph Nodes|

:'''NB'''. Lymphoma should not be confused with [[Lymph Node Abnormalities#Reactive Lymph Nodes|

reactive lymphoid hyperplasia]] in the healthy cat. Generalised lymphadenopathy may present like multicentric lymphoma but is infact a natural immune response in the healthy cat. The same should be  

reactive lymphoid hyperplasia]] in the healthy cat. Generalised lymphadenopathy may present like multicentric lymphoma but is infact a natural immune response in the healthy cat. The same should be considered in other types of lymphoma, for example hepatic lymphoma looks cytologically identical to lymphocytic periportal hepatitis, and it is necessary to incorporate the entire clinical picture when making a diagnosis. Histopathological sampling is ideal for confirming the diagnosis.

considered in other types of lymphoma, for example hepatic lymphoma looks cytologically identical to lymphocytic periportal hepatitis, and it is necessary to incorporate the entire clinical picture when making a diagnosis. Histopathological sampling is ideal for confirming the diagnosis.

'''Horse'''

'''Horse'''