Changes

It occurs most commonly in '''young''' (9-18 months), '''intact English bulldogs and Boston terriers''' and is rare in other breeds and unreported in the cat.  

It occurs most commonly in '''young''' (9-18 months), '''intact English bulldogs and Boston terriers''' and is rare in other breeds and unreported in the cat.  

The condition is '''idiopathic''', but is thought to occur during periods of '''excessive sexual excitement''' or may occur concurrently with urinary tract infections or urethral calculi.

The condition is '''idiopathic''', but is thought to occur during periods of '''excessive sexual excitement''' or may occur concurrently with urinary tract infections or [[Urolithiasis|urethral calculi]].

==Clinical Signs==

==Clinical Signs==

This is usually done on the basis of the history, clinical signs, and visualisation of the prolapse.

This is usually done on the basis of the history, clinical signs, and visualisation of the prolapse.

'''Further workup''' may be indicated for an underlying urinary disease, and urinalysis and cluture as well as abdominal radiography and prostate palpation may be indicated.

'''Further workup''' may be indicated for an underlying urinary disease, and urinalysis and culture as well as abdominal radiography and prostate palpation may be indicated.

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

This may be sufficient in some cases, but '''surgical correction is the treatment of choice''' in most cases as there is less recurrence.

This may be sufficient in some cases, but '''surgical correction is the treatment of choice''' in most cases as there is less recurrence.

'''Urethropexy''': involves surgical resection of the prolapsed part of the urethra with a urinary catheter in place. The remining cut end is sutured to the tunic of the penis with simple interrupted sutures of fine absorbable suture material. Resection can be performed for half the circumference of the penis at a time to prevent retraction of the mucosa and the need for stay sutures.

'''Urethropexy''': involves surgical resection of the prolapsed part of the urethra with a urinary catheter in place. The remaining cut end is sutured to the tunic of the penis with [[Suture Materials and Patterns#Simple Interrupted|simple interrupted sutures]] of fine [[Suture Materials and Patterns#Absorbable sutures|absorbable suture material]]. Resection can be performed for half the circumference of the penis at a time to prevent retraction of the mucosa and the need for stay sutures.

'''Post-operatively''', an Elisabethan collar should be placed to prevent licking of the wound.

'''Post-operatively''', an Elisabethan collar should be placed to prevent licking of the wound.

Pasquini, C. (1999) '''Tschauner's Guide to Small Animal Clinics''' ''Sudz Publishing''

Pasquini, C. (1999) '''Tschauner's Guide to Small Animal Clinics''' ''Sudz Publishing''

[[Category:To Do - Helen]]

 

[[Category:To Do - Review]]

[[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Expert Review - Small Animal]]