Specific seed and seed oils have varying concentrations of ALA; for example flaxseed oil provides 50% of the total fat as ALA while rapeseed (i.e. canola oil) provides 20% ALA.<ref>USDA Nutrient Database. http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/</ref> Terrestrial animal fats (associated with muscle, organ meat, eggs) are poor sources of ALA. Cold-water algae produce high concentrations of DHA, which is converted to EPA by marine fish after consumption; there is variation in EPA concentration between wild and farmed fish species.
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Specific seed and seed oils have varying concentrations of ALA; for example flaxseed oil provides 50% of the total fat as ALA while rapeseed (i.e. canola oil) provides 20% ALA.<ref>USDA Nutrient Database. http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/ (accessed April 2015)</ref> Terrestrial animal fats (associated with muscle, organ meat, eggs) are poor sources of ALA. Cold-water algae produce high concentrations of DHA, which is converted to EPA by marine fish after consumption; there is variation in EPA concentration between wild and farmed fish species.
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Recommendations for optimal ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids are provided to pet food manufacturers, but an optimal amount of ALA has not been determined. Diets with higher levels of polyunsaturated fat (ALA, EPA and DHA) are prone to oxidative damage and require larger concentrations of dietary antioxidants to prevent rancidity (fat oxidation) during processing and storage.
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Recommendations for optimal ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids are provided to pet food manufacturers, but an optimal amount of ALA has not been determined. Diets with higher levels of polyunsaturated fat (ALA, EPA and DHA) are prone to oxidative damage and require larger concentrations of dietary antioxidants to prevent rancidity (fat oxidation) during processing and storage.