Changes

====Recognised Syndromes Related to Magnesium Deficiency====

====Recognised Syndromes Related to Magnesium Deficiency====

#'''Muscle weakness''': Clinical signs of magnesium deficiency in kittens include muscle tremors, lack of muscle tone and muscle weakness, initially in the hind limbs. There was also depressed food intake<ref name="Howard">Howard, K, Rogers, Q, Morris, J (1998). '''Magnesium requirement of kittens is increased by high dietary calcium'''''. J Nutr. ''128(suppl.):2601S-2602S.</ref>.

#'''Muscle weakness''': Clinical signs of magnesium deficiency in kittens include muscle tremors, lack of muscle tone and muscle weakness, initially in the hind limbs. There was also depressed food intake<ref name="Howard">Howard, K, Rogers, Q, Morris, J (1998). '''Magnesium requirement of kittens is increased by high dietary calcium'''''. J Nutr. ''128(suppl.):2601S-2602S.</ref>.

#'''Effect of calcium:''' In the same study<ref name="Howard" />, the effect of increased dietary [[Calcium - Nutrition|calcium]] on magnesium deficiency was also investigated. The deficiency signs described above in section (1) occurred only when kittens were fed 0.01% magnesium and a high calcium level of 2.3% calcium (both on a dry matter (DM) basis). However, kittens receiving 0.01% magnesium and a normal dietary calcium of 0.6% DM showed a lower serum magnesium than those on higher magnesium levels. Kittens receiving magnesium at 0.02% DM or higher and a normal dietary calcium showed no adverse effects. As observed in the dog studies, it is important that the balance of magnesium and other minerals is appropriate. This effect on magnesium requirement may be due to the formation of insoluble calcium-magnesium-phosphorus complexes that lower the [[Nutrition Glossary#Bioavailability|bioavailability]] of magnesium<ref>Brink, EJ, Beynen, AC, Dekker, PR, Van Beresteijn, ECH, Van der Meer, R (1992). '''Interaction of calcium and phosphorus decreases ileal magnesium solubility and apparent magnesium absorption in rats'''''. J. Nutr.'' 122:580-586.</ref>.

#'''Effect of calcium:''' In the same study<ref name="Howard" />, the effect of increased dietary [[Calcium - Nutrition|calcium]] on magnesium deficiency was also investigated. The deficiency signs described above in section (1) occurred only when kittens were fed 0.01% magnesium and a high calcium level of 2.3% calcium (both on a [[Nutrition Glossary#Dry Matter Basis|dry matter (DM) basis]]). However, kittens receiving 0.01% magnesium and a normal dietary calcium of 0.6% DM showed a lower serum magnesium than those on higher magnesium levels. Kittens receiving magnesium at 0.02% DM or higher and a normal dietary calcium showed no adverse effects. As observed in the dog studies, it is important that the balance of magnesium and other minerals is appropriate. This effect on magnesium requirement may be due to the formation of insoluble calcium-magnesium-phosphorus complexes that lower the [[Nutrition Glossary#Bioavailability|bioavailability]] of magnesium<ref>Brink, EJ, Beynen, AC, Dekker, PR, Van Beresteijn, ECH, Van der Meer, R (1992). '''Interaction of calcium and phosphorus decreases ileal magnesium solubility and apparent magnesium absorption in rats'''''. J. Nutr.'' 122:580-586.</ref>.

==Toxicity/Excess==

==Toxicity/Excess==