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===Overview===
*Two families exist, ''Leptospiraceae'' and ''Spirochaetaceae''
*''Leptospiraceae'' include the pathogens of the genus ''Leptospira''
*''Spirochaetaceae'' include the pathogens of the genera ''Borrelia'', ''Brachyspira'' and ''Treponema''
*Many cause zoonotic infections
===Characteristics===
*Spiral or helical Gram-negative bacteria
*Motile organisms via endoflagella
*Poor survival in the environment and sensitive to dessication
*Stain poorly with Gram stain
*Most require specialised media for growth
*Serology required for identification
[[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]]
[[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]]
[[Leptospira]]
[[Leptospira]]