951 bytes added ,  15:52, 3 March 2009
Line 11: Line 11:  
Other systems affected by alpha-2 agonists include:
 
Other systems affected by alpha-2 agonists include:
 
* Cardiovascular System
 
* Cardiovascular System
 +
** Post synaptic alpha-2 effects and non-selective action on alpha-1 receptors cause vasoconstriction, hypertension and reflex bradycardia.
 +
** Pre-synaptic inhibition of noradrenaline release gives a reduced sympathetic outflow. This dexreases heart rate and offsets vasoconstriction.
 
* Respiratory System
 
* Respiratory System
 +
** The drugs cause mild depression of the respiratory systsem.
 +
** The response to hypercapnoea is reduced.
 
* Gastrointestinal Tract
 
* Gastrointestinal Tract
 +
** Alpha-2 agonists cause extreme vomitting in dogs and cats. [[#Xylazine|Xylazine]] is the worst culprit for this.
 +
** Huge reductions in gut motility occur following drug administration, as well as decreased salivation and secretion.
 
* Endocrine System
 
* Endocrine System
 +
** Alpha-2 agonists inhibit ADH, leading to diuresis.
 +
** Insulin is also inhibited, causing hyperglycaemia which leads to osmotic diuresis. This, along with the aboce, causes excessive urination.
 +
** Growth hormone release is triggered by alhpa-2 agonists.
 
* Urogenital Tract
 
* Urogenital Tract
 +
** Uterine contraction occurs with alpha-2 agonist administration.
    
==Side Effects and Contraindications==
 
==Side Effects and Contraindications==
6,502

edits