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==Signalment==
==Diagnosis==
* Hepatic carcinoma occurs most often in male dogs over 10 years old
Symptomatic in approximately 75% of dogs and 50% of cats, particularly if malignant.
* Cholangiocellular carcinoma occurs more commonly in female cats
===Clinical signs===
* Usually non-specific:
** Weight loss
** Inappetance
** Lethargy
** Polyuria-Polydipsia
** Vomiting
** Ascites
* Neurological Signs - seizures, ataxia and weakness occur less frequently. They may be due to metastasis to the central nervous system, hepatic encephalopathy or hypglycaemia which can occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome
* Icterus - Particularly in dogs with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas and diffuse carcinoids
===Physical Examination===
* Cranial abdominal mass - palpable in up to 75% of cats and dogs
===Haematology and Biochemistry===
===Plain Radiography===
===Ultrasonography===
===Advanced Imaging===
Carcinogens and toxins for example nitrosamines can induce hepatic tumours in an experimental environment.
Carcinogens and toxins for example nitrosamines can induce hepatic tumours in an experimental environment.
==Diagnosis==
==Signalment==
* Hepatic carcinoma occurs most often in male dogs over 10 years old
* Cholangiocellular carcinoma occurs more commonly in female cats
==Treatment==
==Treatment==