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− | ===Infectious canine tracheitis/Kennel cough===
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− | *''B. bronchiseptica'' acts as a primary pathogen in [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Infectious canine tracheitis|Infectious canine tracheitis]]
| + | {{Taxobox |
− | *Frequently isolated from dogs with respiratory disease
| + | |name =''Bordetella bronchiseptica'' |
− | *Often found with viruses or mycoplasma
| + | |phylum =Proteobacteria |
− | *Adheres to ciliated epithelial cells in the trachea
| + | |class =Beta Proteobacteria |
− | *Colonisation and proliferation in trachea
| + | |order =Burkholderiales |
− | *Releases toxins causing epithelial necrosis and prevents ciliary clearance
| + | |family =Alcaligenaceae |
− | *Irritation to tract causes coughing
| + | |genus =Bordetella |
− | *Mortality rates low
| + | |species =''B. bronchiseptica'' |
− | *Peribronchial inflammation and [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]]
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− | can result in unvaccinated puppies or immunosuppressed dogs
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− | *Severe pneumonia following secondary infection e.g. with [[streptococci|Streptococci]]
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− | *Fatal [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]] if occurs secondary to [[Paramyxoviridae#Canine distemper virus|canine distemper virus]]
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− | *Transmission via respiratory secretions by direct contact or aerosol and on fomites
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− | *Clinical signs:
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− | **Develop within 3-4 days; persist for up to 2 weeks
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− | **Coughing
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− | **Gagging
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− | **Mild serous oculonasal discharge
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− | *Treatments includes antibiotics if coughing persists or bronchopneumonia develops
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− | *Live intranasal vaccines
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− | *Also found in respiratory tract of cats; can cause pneumonia in kittens; vaccine available
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− | ===Atrophic Rhinitis===
| + | [[File:Bordetella bronch.jpg|right|thumb|250px|<small><center> Gram-negative Bordetella bronchiseptica coccobacilli bacteria. (Janice Carr 2009, Wikimedia commons)</center></small>]] |
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− | *''B. bronchiseptica'' causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis of pigs]] in association with [[Pasteurella species and Mannheimia haemolytica|''Pasteurella multocida'']]
| + | ''Bordetella bronchiseptica'' is a species of the ''[[Bordetella species - Overview|Bordetella]]'' genus. |
− | *Colonises nasopharynx
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− | *Infection must occur during first few weeks of life
| + | In '''dogs''', ''B.bronchiseptica'' causes [[Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis]], also known as Kennel cough. |
− | *Produces dermonecrotic toxin which damages osteoblasts, preventing bone formation
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− | *Leads to turbinate atrophy without distortion of the snout in uncomplicated infections
| + | In '''pigs''', ''B.bronchiseptica'' causes [[Atrophic Rhinitis]]. |
− | *[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis]] results when [[Pasteurella species and Mannheimia haemolytica|''Pateurella multocida'']] colonises and produces osteolytic toxin, leading to bone resorption
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− | *Malformation of snout in growing pigs as well as poor growth
| + | In '''rabbits''', ''B.bronchiseptica'' causes [[Snuffles]]. |
− | *increases with high stocking density and poor ventilation
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− | *Vaccine available
| + | ''B.brochiseptica'' is closely related to ''B. pertussis'', an obligate human pathogen. |
− | [[Category:Bordetella species]][[Category:Dog]][[Category:Pig]] | + | |
| + | {{Learning |
| + | |literature search = |
| + | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28dogs%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28%22Bordetella+bronchiseptica%22%29%29%29 ''Bordetella bronchiseptica'' in dogs publications] |
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| + | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28cats%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28%22Bordetella+bronchiseptica%22%29%29%29 ''B. bronchiseptica'' in cats publications] |
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| + | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28pigs%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28%22Bordetella+bronchiseptica%22%29%29%29 ''B. bronchiseptica'' in pigs publications] |
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| + | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28rabbits%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28%22Bordetella+bronchiseptica%22%29%29%29 ''B. bronchiseptica'' in rabbits publications] |
| + | }} |
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| + | ==Links== |
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| + | [http://www.abcd-vets.org/guidelines/bordetella_bronchiseptica_infection/index.asp ABCD information on ''B. bronchiseptica'' in cats] |
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| + | ==References== |
| + | Ryan KJ; Ray CG (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. |
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| + | {{OpenPages}} |
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| + | [[Category:Bordetella species]] |
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| + | [[Category:Expert_Review]] |