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| | ==[[Enteritis, Parasitic]]== | | ==[[Enteritis, Parasitic]]== |
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| | + | [[:Category:Enteritis, Viral]] |
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| − | ==Mixed viral enteritis==
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| − |
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| − | * Mixed viral enteritis is particularly prevalent in very young calves.
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| − | * It is predomintantly a management-related disease.
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| − | * Viruses initiate the disease, but some bacteria are involved.
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| − |
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| − | ===Cattle===
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| − |
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| − | ====Undifferentiated Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea====
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| − |
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| − | * A syndrome with many causes.
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| − |
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| − | =====Clinical=====
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| − |
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| − | * Is seen mostly in calves between 1 and 28 days old.
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| − | * Known as "white scour".
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| − | * Has a high morbidity in calves that are doing well and feeding well.
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| − | * Large amounts of milk coloured [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]].
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| − | ** Tends to cover all over tail and hindquarters.
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| − | *** Often produces skin sores.
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| − | * Condition is lost quite quickly, and a high mortality may be caused.
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| − |
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| − | =====Pathogenesis=====
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| − |
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| − | * Certain conditions predispose calves to undifferentiated neonatal calf [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]].
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| − | ** Stress
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| − | ** Insufficient colostrum
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| − | ** Cold milk
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| − | ** Mixing strange calves together after separating from mother.
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | * A mixture of viruses and bacteria are involved, some more commonly than others.
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| − | ** Undifferentiated neonatal calf [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] is, however, '''a primarily viral disease'''.
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| − | ** Some of the agents below are also found also in perfectly normal calves.
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| − | *** Other viruses not listed are also probably involved.
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| − | *** The exact cause is not always important, since are cases all treated in the same way.
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"
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| − | ! Virus
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| − | ! % Cases
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| − | ! Bacterium
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| − | ! % Cases
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| − | |-
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| − | | [[Reoviridae#Rotaviruses|Rotavirus]]
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| − | | 40%
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| − | | [[Cryptosporidium|Cryptosporidium]]
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| − | | 20%
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| − | |-
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| − | | [[Coronaviridae|Coronavirus]]
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| − | | 20%
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| − | | [[Escherichia coli|Enterotoxigenic E.Coli]]
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| − | | 20%
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| − | |-
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| − | | [[Herpesviridae|Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus]]
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| − | | 4%
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| − | | [[Campylobacter species|Campylobacter]]
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| − | | 30-40%
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| − | |-
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| − | | [[Caliciviridae|Calici-]], [[Parvoviridae|parvo-]], [[Adenoviridae|adeno-]], viruses
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| − | | 1% each
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| − | |
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| − | |
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| − | |-
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| − | |}
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | * The condition has a very characteristis appearance on post mortem examination.
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| − | ** The intestine is filled with gas and foam, and possibly flakes of milk.
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| − |
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| − | ==== Winter Dysentery ====
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| − |
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| − | *Sporadic, acute, bloody [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] in adult cattle
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| − | *Bovine [[Coronaviridae|coronavirus]]
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| − | *Worldwide distribution
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| − | *Dramatic decrease in milk yields, less common in beef cattle
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| − |
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| − | ===Pigs===
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| − |
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| − | * Pigs are particularly susceptible to a number of specific enteric viruses.
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| − | ** Especially coronaviruses.
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| − | *** These may produces outbreaks on a whole farm basis in all ages of pigs.
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| − |
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| − | ====[[Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus of Pigs|Transmissible Gastro-Enteritis (TGE)]]====
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