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Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology (view source)
Revision as of 14:28, 30 June 2010
, 14:28, 30 June 2010no edit summary
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===''Aspergillus fumigatus''===
−[[Image:Aspergillus pneumonia of cattle.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Aspergillus hyphae in cattle lung (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
−[[Image:Aspergillosis in nasal cavity.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Nasal aspergillosis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
−*[[Aspergillus spp.|''Aspergillus fumigatus'']]+*Most commonly in dogs but also other species
−*Causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|rhinitis]], often also involves the [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of sinusitis|frontal sinus]]
−*Chronic necrotising inflammation with friable exudate containing necrotic tissue and fungal hyphae
−* Result in severe neutrophilic [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology|rhinitis]]/[[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|sinusitis]]
−*These lesions can be aggressive causing destruction of turbinates and nasal septum
−*Can occur secondary to areas of mucosal compromise eg: adjacent to a space-occupying lesion
−*Can cause pulmonary aspergillosis especially in '''birds''', but also other animals
−**Initiated by inhalation of spores,the most likely source of which is mouldy feed and bedding
−**Given the wide exposure that occurs, it is thought that immunodeficiency may contribute to colonisation with this organism
−**Gross lesions :
−***Multiple discrete grey/ white nodules which develop around fungal colonies
−***Blood vessels can become involved in the lesions -> invasion, haemorrhage or thrombosis
−**Histologically:
−***Granulomatous chronic lesions
−***Macrophages and epithelioid cells
−***Fibrous capsule
−*In horses:
−**[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Nasal aspergillosis]]
−**[[Guttural Pouches Inflammatory - Pathology|Guttural pouch infections]] in horses - fungal plaques form on the adventitia of the carotid arteries can lead to catastrophic haemorrhage following erosion of carotid arteries!
−**Often present with [[Respiratory System Clinical Signs - Pathology#Epistaxis|epistaxis]]
−**May present with neurological dysfunction
−**Rarely extends to other resions: cranium, middle ear, atlanto-occipital joint
−**May extend to [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of sinusitis|sinuses]]
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−[[Aspergillosis]]
−===''Cryptococcus neoformans''===
===''Cryptococcus neoformans''===