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{{Taxobox

{{Taxobox

==Overview==

==Overview==

[[Image:Cryptosporidium parvum.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Cryptosporidium parvum'' - Courtesy of the Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine]]

[[Image:Cryptosporidium parvum.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Cryptosporidium parvum'' - Courtesy of the Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine]]

[[Image:Cryptosporidium Life Cycle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Cryptosporidium Life Cycle'' - Alexander J. da Silva et al., WikiMedia Commons]]

[[Image:Cryptosporidium Life Cycle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Cryptosporidium Life Cycle'' - Alexander J. da Silva et al., WikiMedia Commons]]

[[Image:Calf.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Calf - nabrown RVC]]

[[Image:Calf.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Calf - nabrown RVC]]

[[Image:Cryptosporidium ruminant.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Ruminant ''Cryptosporidium'' - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]]

[[Image:Cryptosporidium ruminant.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Ruminant ''Cryptosporidium'' - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]]

Cryptosporidium species are extremely small in size, the oocysts being 4-5μm. They parasitise the epithelial cells lining the alimentary and respiratory tracts of the host. The developmental stages of the parasite are confined to the brush border area of the gut epithelium.

Cryptosporidium species are extremely small in size, the oocysts being 4-5μm. They parasitise the epithelial cells lining the alimentary and respiratory tracts of the host. The developmental stages of the parasite are confined to the brush border area of the gut epithelium.

==Life Cycle==

==Life Cycle==

Cryptosporidium mostly has a standard [[Coccidia Life Cycle|coccidial life cycle]] with a few exceptions. The oocyte does not contain sporocysts, instead the four sporozoites are free within the oocyst. Also the parasite does not invade the cells of the host, instead it develops in a membrane derived from the microvilli of the gut. The pre patent period of of cryptosporidium is 1 week, after which '''sporulated''' oocysts are shed in the hosts faeces.

Cryptosporidium mostly has a standard [[Coccidia Life Cycle|coccidial life cycle]] with a few exceptions. The oocyte does not contain sporocysts, instead the four sporozoites are free within the oocyst. Also the parasite does not invade the cells of the host, instead it develops in a membrane derived from the microvilli of the gut. The pre patent period of cryptosporidium is 1 week, after which '''sporulated''' oocysts are shed in the hosts faeces.

==Pathogenesis==

==Pathogenesis==

In young calves ''Crytosporidium'' infection causes outbreak of sever [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]]or scour. Contributes to [[Calf Diarrhoea, Undifferentiated Neonatal|undifferentiated neonatal calf diarrhoea]] which is a mixed viral enteritis in calves. Although it can cause severe illness in young animals, many older animals can be asymptomatic carriers of the disease.  

In young calves ''Crytosporidium'' infection causes outbreak of severe [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] or scour. Contributes to [[Undifferentiated Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea|undifferentiated neonatal calf diarrhoea]] which is a mixed viral enteritis in calves. Although it can cause severe illness in young animals, many older animals can be asymptomatic carriers of the disease.  

''Cryptosporidium'' is a '''zoonotic''' disease that can infect humans causing severe vomiting and diarrhoea. This is commonly seen in people who work with animals and do not practice sufficient hygiene and in AIDS and other immunocompromised patients.

''Cryptosporidium'' is a '''zoonotic''' disease that can infect humans causing severe vomiting and diarrhoea. This is commonly seen in people who work with animals and do not practice sufficient hygiene and in AIDS and other immunocompromised patients.

[[Category:To_Do_-_NickJ]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_NickJ]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Parasites]]

[[Category:Coccidia]]

[[Category:Coccidia]]