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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (view source)
Revision as of 19:34, 27 August 2010
, 19:34, 27 August 2010→Aetiology
==Aetiology==
==Aetiology==
The virus that causes PRRS is an aterivirus, within the Arteriviridae family. The arteriviruses are the only genus contained within the Arterivirdae family, and other members include the agent responsible for equine viral arteris and lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus of mice. The viruses are host-specific and antigenically distinct, and establish persistent infections after invasion.
The virus that causes PRRS is an aterivirus, within the Arteriviridae family. The arteriviruses are the only genus contained within the Arterivirdae family, and other members include the agent responsible for equine viral arteritis and lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus of mice. The viruses are host-specific and antigenically distinct, and establish persistent infections after invasion.
Arteriviruses are enveloped viruses of 45 to 80 nm in diameter with a spherical appearance due to the shape of the envelope. However, the icoshedral nucelocapsid that contains the positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome is actually icosohedral. The lipoprotein envelope has ring-like structures on its surface, but there are no gross surface spikes. Arteriviruses have a tropism for macrophages and endothelial cells, where they reproduce in the cytoplasm. The genome is 13Kb in length, and is infectious itself without the capsid or envelope.
Arteriviruses are enveloped viruses of 45 to 80 nm in diameter with a spherical appearance due to the shape of the envelope. However, the nucelocapsid that contains the positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome is actually icosohedral. The lipoprotein envelope has ring-like structures on its surface, but there are no gross surface spikes. Arteriviruses have a tropism for macrophages and endothelial cells, where they reproduce in the cytoplasm. The genome is 13Kb in length, and is infectious itself without the capsid or envelope.
Arteriviruses are inactivated by traetment with chloroform or ether. They are very resistant to freezing, althouth infectivity is in reduces as temperature risees.
Arteriviruses are inactivated by traetment with chloroform or ether. They are very resistant to freezing, althouth infectivity is reduced as temperature rises.
==Transmission and Epidemiology==
==Transmission and Epidemiology==