Changes

===Development===

===Development===

The pancreas develops from endoderm, except for the connective tissue which develops from splanchnic mesoderm. Development begins with evaginations of the digestive tube caudal to the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]]. Two pancreatic buds form, one in the dorsal mesogastrium and one in the ventral mesogastrium. Some epithelial cells lose their connections to the developing duct system of the exocrine pancreas and develop into the islets of Langerhans of the endocrine pancreas. As the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] rotates, the ventral bud moves to become more dorsal. The two buds then fuse; the left lobe is derived from the dorsal bud and the right lobe from the ventral bud. The duct of the ventral lobe ('''pancreatic duct''') joins with the bile duct to form the '''common bile duct''' which opens into the duodenum at the '''major duodenal papilla'''. The duct of the dorsal lobe ('''accessory duct''') enters the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] at the '''minor duodenal papilla'''. There is [[#Species Differences|species variation]] in the persistance of each duct.

The pancreas develops from endoderm, except for the connective tissue which develops from splanchnic mesoderm. Development begins with evaginations of the digestive tube caudal to the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]]. Two pancreatic buds form, one in the dorsal mesogastrium and one in the ventral mesogastrium. Some epithelial cells lose their connections to the developing duct system of the exocrine pancreas and develop into the islets of Langerhans of the endocrine pancreas. As the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] rotates, the ventral bud moves to become more dorsal. The two buds then fuse; the left lobe is derived from the dorsal bud and the right lobe from the ventral bud. The duct of the ventral lobe ('''pancreatic duct''') joins with the bile duct to form the '''common bile duct''' which opens into the duodenum at the '''major duodenal papilla'''. The duct of the dorsal lobe ('''accessory duct''') enters the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] at the '''minor duodenal papilla'''. There is [[#Species Differences|species variation]] in the persistance of each duct.

==Structure==

==Structure==

**Laterally it is related to the ascending [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].

**Laterally it is related to the ascending [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].

*In dogs, both pancreatic and accessory ducts persist throughout development.

*In dogs, both pancreatic and accessory ducts persist throughout development.

**However, the pancreatic duct is smaller. It joins the bile duct just before opening into the major duodenal papilla which lies 3-6cm distal to the pylorus of the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]].

**However, the pancreatic duct is smaller. It joins the bile duct just before opening into the major duodenal papilla which lies 3-6cm distal to the pylorus of the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]].

**The accessory duct is the bigger duct and opens 3-5cm further distal to the pancreatic duct.

**The accessory duct is the bigger duct and opens 3-5cm further distal to the pancreatic duct.

***The two ducts communicate inside the pancreas.

***The two ducts communicate inside the pancreas.

*Two thirds lie to the left of the midline.

*Two thirds lie to the left of the midline.

*Right portion lies adjacent to the descending [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] and it's cranial border contacts the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]].

*Right portion lies adjacent to the descending [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] and it's cranial border contacts the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]].

*Left portion is related to the [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]], cranial pole of the [[Urinary System - Anatomy & Physiology|left kidney]] and the fundus of the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]].

*Left portion is related to the [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]], cranial pole of the [[Urinary System - Anatomy & Physiology|left kidney]] and the fundus of the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]].

==Test yourself with the Pancreas flashcards==

==Test yourself with the Pancreas flashcards==