Changes

==Description==

==Description==

Neonatal isoerythrolysis is a disease of humans and domestic animals and has been observed in newborn cats, horses, pigs, cows and rarely in dogs. It is characterised by immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia due to ingestion of maternal colostral antibody directed against surface antigens on neonatal red blood cells. The maternal antibodies develop in response to exposure to specific foreign blood group antigens during previous pregnancies and unmatched transfusions.   

Neonatal isoerythrolysis is a disease of humans and domestic animals and has been observed in newborn cats, horses, pigs, cows and rarely in dogs. It is characterised by immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia due to ingestion of maternal colostral antibody directed against surface antigens on neonatal red blood cells. This leads to extravascular and intravascular haemolysis during the first few days of life. The maternal antibodies develop in response to exposure to specific foreign blood group antigens during previous pregnancies and unmatched transfusions.   

==Pathogenesis==

==Pathogenesis==

===Cats===

===Cats===

In a similar way to affected foals, kittens are born and nurse normally and clinical signs develop within a few hours or days. Signs may be variable and kittens may be found dead within a few hours of the onset of clinical signs. Affected kittens rarely survive the first week of life. Clinical signs may include failure to thrive, weakness, dark red/brown urine, icterus, and anaemia. Signs may vary in severity within a single litter; this is thought to be related to differences in colostral intake.  

In a similar way to affected foals, kittens are born and nurse normally and clinical signs develop within a few hours or days. Purebred cats are more commonly affected than domestic shorthair cats. Signs may be variable and kittens may be found dead within a few hours of the onset of clinical signs. Affected kittens rarely survive the first week of life. Clinical signs may include failure to thrive, weakness, dark red/brown urine, icterus, and anaemia. Signs may vary in severity within a single litter; this is thought to be related to differences in colostral intake.  

Affected kittens may separate themselves from the rest of the litter, stop nursing and appear weak. Other features of the disease may include necrosis and slouging of the tail tip and disseminated intravascular coagulation.  

Affected kittens may separate themselves from the rest of the litter, stop nursing and appear weak. Other features of the disease may include necrosis and slouging of the tail tip and disseminated intravascular coagulation.