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These substances are circulated throughout the body by plasma and diffuse into tissues and cells where needed.  

These substances are circulated throughout the body by plasma and diffuse into tissues and cells where needed.  

'''Plasma  proteins'''  are large molecules of which there are four main types, [[Albumin|albumin]], Globulin, fibrinogen and prothrombin. Albumin maintains oncotic pressure within the blood vessels and hence blood volume and [[Blood Pressure & Blood Flow Control - Anatomy & Physiology|blood pressure]]. Globulins which are produced by lymphocytes act in immune reactions and fibrinogen and prothrombin are required in order for clotting to occur.

'''Plasma  proteins'''  are large molecules of which there are four main types, [[Albumin|albumin]], Globulin, fibrinogen and prothrombin. Albumin maintains oncotic pressure within the blood vessels and hence blood volume and [[:Category:Blood Pressure|blood pressure]]. Globulins which are produced by lymphocytes act in immune reactions and fibrinogen and prothrombin are required in order for clotting to occur.

'''Electrolytes''' include Calcium, Sodium, Chloride and Potassium. Calcium is present in three forms within the plasma: bound to protein (approx. 50%), complexed and ionised. Sodium is an important cation of the extracellular fluid and contributes to plasma oncotic pressure. Potassium is the main intracellular cation, and levels in plasma are rarely reflective of the total body level of this electrolyte.

'''Electrolytes''' include Calcium, Sodium, Chloride and Potassium. Calcium is present in three forms within the plasma: bound to protein (approx. 50%), complexed and ionised. Sodium is an important cation of the extracellular fluid and contributes to plasma oncotic pressure. Potassium is the main intracellular cation, and levels in plasma are rarely reflective of the total body level of this electrolyte.