Data types

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Epidemiological investigation requires a good understanding of different data types, as this will strongly influence data analysis and interpretation. Data can broadly be classified as qualitative and quantitative, as shown below. Within each of these groups, data types can be classified further.

Qualitative data

Nominal level of measurement

Ordinal level of measurement

Quantitative data

Discrete (count)

Continuous

Interval level of measurement

Ratio level of measurement