Hip Dysplasia

• Mainly large and giant dog breeds, especially with stocky conformations
• Seen in cattle - Herefords
• Subluxation of hip joint due to maldevelopment
• Not present at bith
• Inherited + environmental factor involvement (nutrition, exercise)
• Pelvic muscles are behind the bone development in rapidly growing dogs -> lack of restraint of the joint -> excess movement before acetabulum is fully mature
• Usually develops within first 6 months of life
• Varying degrees of severity
• Pathogenesis:
  • Joint laxity / acetabular dysplasia
  • -> Flattened femoral head +/- mild or severe periarticular osteophyte formation
  • -> Thickening of femoral head + degeneration of articular cartilage
  • Eburnation
• Predisposes to DJD
• Round ligament of femoral head may rupture -> luxation