Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia
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(CBPP)
- Aerosol transmission by close contact with clinically or subclinically affected animals
- Severity depends on strain and host susceptibility
- Slow spread of infection
- 50% morbidity; mortality rate high in severe outbreaks
- Large colony type causes pleuropneumonia, mastitis, septicaemia and polyarthritis
- Clinical signs
- Acute onset fever, anorexia, depression, lowered milk yield, hyperpnoea, coughing and a mucopurulent nasal discharge
- Dyspnoea occurs with abducted elbows and extended necks and an expiratory grunt
- Can be fatal within 1-3 weeks
- Calves may suffer from arthritis, synovitis and endocarditis
- Gross pathology
- Marbled appearance to lungs with consolidated grey and red lobules separated by emphysematous areas
- Serofibrinous pleural fluid
- Necrotic foci surrounded by fibrous capsules in chronic cases act as source of infection
- Diagnosis
- Clinical signs and post-mortem appearance
- PCR on pleural fluid, lung tissue, regional lymph nodes or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- Fluorescent antibody test
- Serological tests such as serum agglutination, haemagglutination, complement fixation, ELISA
- Treatment and control
- Slaughter of affected cattle in counries where the disease is exotic
- Movement restrictions, quaranteen and slaughter of carrier animals in endemic countries
- M. mycoides subsp. 'mycoides causes septicaemia, pleuropneumonia, arthritis and mastitis in goats
- Vaccination in endemic regions
- Caused by Mycoplasma mycoides, small colony variant
- Causes a fibrinonecrotic pneumonia and fibrinous pleuritis
- Also affects caudodorsal areas
- Bronchopneumonia -> lobar pneumonia
- Sequestra are common
- NB: similarity to pneumonic pasteurellosis but CBPP has more pronounced marbled effect
- Interstitial septa are markedly widened by fibrinous exudate and the necrotic areas may have a fibrous capsule
- Large colony variant will cause a similar disease in goats