Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine: Self-Assessment Color Review, Second Edition, Q&A 15
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|
This question was provided by CRC Press. See more case-based flashcards |
|
Student tip: This case is an overview of a common condition and the basic first line treatment. |
A 3-month-old female intact 123 Pitbull puppy presents for 2 days of anorexia, lethargy, vomiting clear fluid, and watery, fetid diarrhea. Radiographs were reported as normal. The puppy has received 3 of her puppy vaccination series. T = 39.6°C (103.3°F); HR = 165 bpm; RR = 25 bpm; CRT = 3 sec; MM pale and dry; femoral pulses bounding; perfusion hyperdynamic; 10% dehydration based on skin turgor and dry MM/corneas. Shortly after presentation the dog passed a large amount of liquid bloody stool (see image).
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| A parvovirus CITE (Snap) test is positive. What additional diagnostics are recommended for a patient with parvovirus? | Should include emergency data base (venous blood gas, electrolyte panel, PCV, TS, glucose, BUN), CBC and serum biochemistries, and a routine fecal examination. Abdominal radiographs and/or ultrasound are examined if there is suspicion for intussusception.
|
Link to Article | |
| PCV equals 0.6 l/l (60%); TS equals 21 g/l (2.1 g/dl); glucose equals 2.28 mmol/l (41 mg/dl). Interpret these results for this dog. | The dog is markedly dehydrated (elevated PCV) and likely has some significant protein losses (primarily GI loss). Albumin is likely low due to decreased production (an acute-phase protein), decreased intake, and loss due to capillary leakage (SIRS). Hypoglycemia is from decreased intake with poor glycogen reserves and increased metabolic rate, possibly due to SIRS and sepsis.
|
Link to Article | |
| Discuss the treatment recommendations for an in-hospital dog with parvovirus infection. | The dog is immediately placed in isolation and all exposed surfaces disinfected. Personnel must wear gowns, gloves, and shoe covers when handling this dog. An IVC is placed; emergency database collected and blood drawn for CBC, biochemistries; IV isotonic balanced buffered crystalloids and HES using large-volume technique to high end end-points; reassess perfusion and correct hydration over 4–6 hours with crystalloids, continuing to account for dehydration, maintenance, and ongoing losses; CRI of HES at 0.5–2 ml/kg/hr to supplement COP; IV antibiotics effective against gram-positive/gram-negative organisms as well as anaerobes are recommended; anti-emetics; motility modifier such as metoclopramide or cisapride; and gastroprotectants (H2-blockers or proton pump inhibitors, sucralfate); nasogastric tube gastric decompression and trickle enteral feeding. Many dogs require dextrose and potassium supplementation.
|
Link to Article | |
To purchase the full text with your 20% discount, go to the CRC Press Veterinary website and use code VET18.