Nitroimidazoles
Revision as of 10:59, 24 October 2008 by Jtulloch (talk | contribs) (→Pharmacokinetic Considerations)
 |
This article is still under construction. |
|
These are hetrocyclic compounds that are used as both antibiotic and anti-protozoal treatments. The main drugs in use are metronidazole, carnidazole and ronidazole.
Mechanism of Action
These drugs are bactericidal and concentration dependent killers and work by forming unstable products inside cells under anaerobic conditions.
Spectrum of Activity
- Will kill nearly all anaerobic Gram-positive and negative bacteria.
- Highly active against anaerobic protozoa, especially Treponema hyodysenteriae, Trichomonas foetus, Histomonas and Giardia.
Pharmacokinetic Considerations
They are small, lipid soluble molecules that are readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. As such they have fantastic tissue penetration and can enter exclusive tissue such as the brain and the CSF. It is metabolised in the liver and 2/3 of the dose is then excreted in urine.