Trichuris suis
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TRICHURIS SUIS
- A typical whipworm.
- Prefers warmer climates and therefore only rarely a problem in the UK.
- Disease mainly seen in pigs kept outdoors or in deep-litter systems.
Pathogenesis
- Can provoke severe diarrhoea or dysentery by providing a portal of entry for microbial organisms (particularly spirochaetes).
Use in Human Medicine
- In experimental models, Trichuris markedly increases T-regulatory activity, thereby suppressing some immune-mediated diseases (Th2 responses increased; Th1 responses decreased).
- There's a theory that some human immune-mediated diseases are largely restricted to affluent developed countries (like inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease) occur because the human immune system has evolved with T-regulating helminths constantly present, and therefore tends to go into overdrive in some individuals if this external regulatory influence is lacking.
- This had led to the hypothesis that strictly controlled exposure of selected human patients to T. suis might ameliorate the symptoms of chronic bowel disease.
- Large scale clinical trials (placebo-controlled cross-over studies) are currently in progress to test this hypothesis.