Category:Intestine - Physical Disturbances

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Category:Obstruction, Intestinal

Positional Changes/ Displacements

Hernia

Volvulus, Intestinal

Torsion, Intestinal

Intussusception

Diagram of intussuscception (Courtesy of Elspeth Milne)
  • Telescoping of one segment of the bowel into another.
  • Occurs in all species.
    • Particularly in young dogs.
  • Can occur in the small intestine, caecum or colon.

Clinical

  • Intussusception is a less acute type of obstruction.
  • Produces intermittent diarrhoea.
  • Animals go downhill in a few days.
  • Palpation of abdomen may allow a "Cumberland sausage" effect to be felt.
    • NB abdominal palpation in small animal, rectal palpation in large animal.

Pathogenesis

  • Proximal intestine invaginates into lower part of intestine.
    Intersusception (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)
    • Takes mesenteric attachment with it.
  • Compression of the mesenteric vessels obstructs venous drainage of the gut, resulting in venous congestion.
    • Swelling (oedema/congestion) arises.
      • Inflammatory exudate from serous surface.
        • Fibrinous adhesions form between surfaces making structure irreducible.
  • May progress to necrosis and gangrene of the tissue.
  • There is often functional obstruction to bowel.
  • May rupture, leading to peritonitis and death.
  • Associated with anything that raises peristalsis e.g. change in diet, bacterial infection.
    • Foreign body
    • Intramural abscess/tumour
    • Heavy parasitism
    • Previous intestinal surgery
    • Enteritis
    • Other motility disorders.
    • Change in diet
    • Bacterial infection

Pathology

  • When operate or at post mortem see large sausage shaped distension of length of intestine.
  • Intussusception may occur post mortem
    • There are no associated changes
    • The condition is easilt reducible.

Rectal prolapse

  • Pig, sheep, cattle
  • Related to prolonged tenesmus, e.g.
    • Colitis
    • Urinary infection
    • Obstruction
    • Hepatic failure.


References

Brown CC, Baker DC, Barker IK: Alimentary System. In: Jubb, Kennedy and Palmer's Pathology of Domestic Animals, ed. Maxie MG, 5th ed., pp. 1-296. Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, 2007.

McGavin DM & Zachary, JF: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 4th ed, pp. 301-393.Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, 2007.

Subcategories

This category has only the following subcategory.

Pages in category "Intestine - Physical Disturbances"

The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total.