Bovine Biochemistry

Serum Type	Units	Normal Ranges
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM (SI) UNITS
Calcium	mmol/L	2.1 - 2.67
Phosphorus	mmol/L	1.32 - 2.65
Magnesium	mmol/L	0.79 - 1.19
Sodium	mmol/L	135 - 145
Potassium	mmol/L	3.6 - 5.1
Chloride	mmol/L	96 - 105
Osmolality	mmol/kg	276 - 296
Urea Nitrogen	mmol/L	1.4 - 15.7
Creatinine	umol/L	62 - 124
Glucose	mmol/L	2.5 - 3.8
Cholestrol	mmol/L	2.0 - 6.2
Bilirubin	umol/L	0 - 8.6
Unconjugated Bilirubin	umol/L	0.0 - 5.1
Conjugated Bilirubin	umol/L	0.0 - 5.1
Iron	umol/L	14 - 37
Iron Binding Capacity	umol/L	48 - 80
Iron Binding Saturation	%	25 - 58	18 - 153
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)	u/L	24 - 45
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)	u/L	5 - 18
Alkaline Phosphatase	u/L	3 - 46
Creatine Phosphokinase	u/L	17 - 59
Lactate Dehydrogenase	u/L	284 - 511
Amylase	Caraway Units	100 - 800
Protein	g/L	59 - 81
Albumin	g/L	29 - 39
αGlobulin	g/L	5 - 8
β1-Globulin	g/L	4 - 10
β2-Globulin	g/L	4 - 10
δ-Globulin	g/L	5 - 18
Fibrinogen	g/L	2.4 - 7.4