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{{toplink
|linkpage =Arthropods
|linkpage =Arthropods
|linktext =ARTHROPODS
|linktext =ARTHROPODS
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[[Image:Deer tick.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Deer tick - Scott Bauer]]
[[Image:Deer tick.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Deer tick - Scott Bauer]]
===Arachnids===
==<font color="purple">Arachnids</font>==
<FlashCard questions="2">
|q1=What are the two divisions of the arachnid body?
|a1=
*Cephalo-thorax
*Abdomen
|l1=Arachnida#Structure and Function
|<big>'''What are the two divisions of the arachnid body?'''
|q2=Summarise the arachnid life cycle
||<font color="white"> <big>
|a2=
*'''''Cephalo-thorax'''''
*Larvae emerge from the egg
*'''''Abdomen'''''
*Nymphal stage follows the larval stage
*Nymph undergoes ecdyses forming the adult
|-
|l2=Arachnida#Life Cycle
|<big>'''Summarise the arachnid life cycle'''
</FlashCard>
||<font color="white"> <big>
===Ticks===
*'''''Larvae emerge from the egg'''''
<FlashCard questions="11">
*'''''Nymphal stage follows the larval stage'''''
|q1=What are seed ticks?
*'''''Nymph undergoes ecdyses forming the adult'''''
|a1=Tick larvae
||[[Arachnida#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|l1=Arachnida#Life Cycle
|}
|q2=How can you differentiate hard ticks from soft ticks?
|a2=
*Soft ticks have no scutum
*The mouthparts are not visible from the dorsal surface of soft ticks
*Hard ticks have festoons
*Hard ticks can be ornate
|l2=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology
|q3=True or False: Soft ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst taking a blood meal
|<big>'''What are seed ticks?'''
|a3=
||<font color="white"> <big>
*False
*Soft ticks feed little and often and cannot expand to three times their body size whilst feeding
*Female hard ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst engorging on a blood meal
|-
|l3=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology
|q4=List the mouthparts of ticks
|a4=
*'''''Soft ticks have no scutum'''''
*Hypostome
*'''''The mouthparts are not visible from the dorsal surface of soft ticks'''''
*Chelicerae
*Palps
*'''''Hard ticks can be ornate'''''
|l4=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Mouthparts
||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|q5=Fill in the missing words about soft and hard ticks:
|-
<p>Soft ticks feed ??? and on ??? hosts. Hard ticks take ??? at each life cycle stage and can feed on ??? different hosts during their life cycle.</p>
|a5=
*little and often
*many
*one blood meal
*'''''Female hard ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst engorging on a blood meal'''''
*one, two or three
||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|l5=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Life Cycle
|-
|q6=What is trans-ovarian transmission and give an example of a species of tick which uses this
|a6=
*Infection is passed from one generation of ticks to the next through the egg
*'''''Hypostome'''''
*Babesia
|l6=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission
|q7=What is trans-stadial transmission?
||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Mouthparts|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|a7=
|-
*Parasite or microbial organism is ingested during feeding
|<big>'''Fill in the missing words about soft and hard ticks'''
*Organism passed onto the next host as the tick develops (only in two and three host ticks)
*It is not passed onto the next generation through the egg
|l7=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission
|q8=What is the most important tick species in the UK, how many hosts does it feed upon and what disease can it spread?
|<big>'''What is trans-ovarian transmission and give an example of a species of tick which uses this'''
|a8=
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Ixodes species
*3 host tick
*Transmits Lyme Disease
||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|l8=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important UK Hard Ticks
|q9=What climate does Rhipicephalus species prefer and what is it a vector for?
|a9=
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Warmer climates
*'''''Parasite or microbial organism is ingested during feeding'''''
*Theileria parva for East Coast Fever
*'''''Organism passed onto the next host as the tick develops (only in two and three host ticks)'''''
*Babesia bigemina
*'''''It is not passed onto the next generation through the egg'''''
*Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis
||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|l9=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Hard Ticks
|-
|q10=Name some important soft ticks
|<big>'''What is the most important tick species in the UK, how many hosts does it feed upon and what disease can it spread?'''
|a10=
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Argas species
*'''''Ixodes species'''''
*Ornithodorus species
*'''''3 host tick'''''
*Otobius species
*'''''Transmits Lyme Disease'''''
|l10=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Soft Ticks
|q11=
*What are the main methods of tick control?
*Killing ticks on the ground
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Separate the host from infection
*'''''Warmer climates'''''
*Killing ticks on the host
*'''''Theileria parva for East Coast Fever'''''
*Enhancing stock resistance
|l11=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Control
*'''''Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis'''''
</FlashCard>
===Mites===
<FlashCard questions="19">
|q1=How many pairs of legs do adult and nymph mites have respectively?
||<font color="white"> <big>
|a1=
*'''''Argas species'''''
*Adults have 4 pairs of legs
*'''''Ornithodorus species'''''
*Nymphs have 3 pairs of legs
*'''''Otobius species'''''
|l1=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Astigmata Introduction
||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Soft Ticks|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|q2=What is the main feature which distinguishes burrowing mites from non-burrowing mites?
|a2=
*Burrowing mites have short legs which project only a small distance from the body
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Non-burrowing mites have longer legs
*'''''Killing ticks on the ground'''''
|l2=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae
*'''''Separate the host from infection'''''
|q3=Is ''Sarcoptes'' as burrowing or non-burrowing mite?
*'''''Killing ticks on the host'''''
|a3=Buurrowing
*'''''Enhancing stock resistance'''''
|l3=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae
|q4=What clinical signs present in an infection caused by ''Sarcoptes'' mites?
|}
|a4=
*Erythema with papule formation
*Intense pruritis
*Wrinkling and thickening of the skin
*Scabies
*Rash may present if a hypersensitivity reaction develops
|l4=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae
|q5=Which species are affected by ''Knemidocoptes'' mites?
|<big>'''How many pairs of legs do adult and nymph mites have respectively?'''
|a5=Avians
||<font color="white"> <big>
|l5=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Knemidocoptes
*'''''Adults have 4 pairs of legs'''''
|q6=What are the three main species of ''Knemidocoptes'' mites and what conditions do they cause?
|a6=
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Astigmata Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
*K. mutans
|-
**Causes scaly leg
|<big>'''What is the main feature which distinguishes burrowing mites from non-burrowing mites?'''
*K. gallinae
||<font color="white"> <big>
**Causes depluming itch
*K. pilae
*'''''Non-burrowing mites have longer legs'''''
**Causes scaly face and beak
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|l6=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Knemidocoptes
|-
|q7=Which species do ''Trixacarus'' mites affect and how long can it take before the infection causes death?
|<big>'''Is ''Sarcoptes'' as burrowing or non-burrowing mite?'''
|a7=
||<font color="white"> <big>
*Labaratory rodents
**3-4 months after infection
|l7=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Trixacarus
|q8=What shape are ''Demodex'' mites?
|a8=Cigar shaped
|l8=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Demodex
|q9=What are the two types of demodecosis caused by ''Demodex'' mites?
|a9=
*Pustular
**Skin invasion by ''Stapylococcus''.
**More serious infection
*Squamous
**Dry reaction
**Less serious
|l9=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Demodex
|q10=What species do ''Notoedres'' mites affect?
|a10=
*Cats
*Rats
*Humans
*Rabbits
*Tropical bats
|l10=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Notoedres
|q11=What are the main species of non-burrowing mites of veterinary importance?
|a11=
*Chorioptes
*Psoroptes
*Otodectes
*Cheyletiella
*Dermanyssus
*Ornithonyssus
*Trombicula
*Leporacarus
*Varroa
*Forage mites
|l11=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Non-Burrowing Mites
|q12=Do ''Psoroptes'' mites have segmented or unsegmented pedicles?
|a12=Segmented
|l12=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes
|q13=What are the two main ''Psoroptes'' mites of veterinary importance?
|a13=
*P. cuniculi
**Affects labaratory and pet rabbits
*P. ovis
**Causes sheep scab
|l13=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes
|q14=Do ''Chorioptes'' mites have segmented or unsegmented pedicles and what is the main species of veterinary importance?
|a14=
*Unsgmented
*C. bovis
|l14=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes
|q15=Which non-burrowing mite causes otitis externa in dogs?
|a15=Otodectes cynotis
|l15=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Otodectes cynotis
|q16=Which non-burrowing mite causes walking dandruff?
|a16=Cheyleteilla
|l16=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Cheyletiella sp.
|q17=What is ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' better known as and does it spend most of its time on or off its host species?
|a17=
*The poultry red mite
*Spends most of its time off of the host
|l17=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Dermanyssus gallinae
|q18=Which mites are often found in feed stores and bedding and what problems do they cause?
|a18=
*Forage mites
*Causes respiratory distrubances and skin reactions
|l18=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Forage Mites
|q19=To which industry do ''Varroa destructor'' pose a major problem?
|a19=Honeybee farming
|l19=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Varroa destructor
</FlashCard>
||<font color="white"> <big>