Changes

Fair in cases that are rapidly treated but poor in foals with evidence of hypovolaemia and septic shock.  Surgical cases also carry a poorer prognosis than cases which are resolved medically.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition)''', ''Merial''.</ref>  In a recent study, long term survival of 25 affected horses was 33%.<ref name="Cribb">Cribb, N.C, Cote, N.M, Boure, L.P, Peregrine, A.S (2006) Acute small intestinal obstruction associated with ''Parascaris equorum'' infection in young horses: 25 cases (9185-2004).  ''N Z Vet J'', 54:338-343.  In: Blikslager, A.T (2010) ''Obstructive Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Chapter 15, ''Saunders''.</ref>:  Failure to relieve the impaction may lead to intestinal rupture.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition)''', ''Merial''.</ref>

Fair in cases that are rapidly treated but poor in foals with evidence of hypovolaemia and septic shock.  Surgical cases also carry a poorer prognosis than cases which are resolved medically.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition)''', ''Merial''.</ref>  In a recent study, long term survival of 25 affected horses was 33%.<ref name="Cribb">Cribb, N.C, Cote, N.M, Boure, L.P, Peregrine, A.S (2006) Acute small intestinal obstruction associated with ''Parascaris equorum'' infection in young horses: 25 cases (9185-2004).  ''N Z Vet J'', 54:338-343.  In: Blikslager, A.T (2010) ''Obstructive Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Chapter 15, ''Saunders''.</ref>:  Failure to relieve the impaction may lead to intestinal rupture.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition)''', ''Merial''.</ref>

*Regular worming programme until at least 15 months of age that prevents a build-up of large ascarid burdens in the foal:

*Regular worming programme until at least 15 months of age that prevents a build-up of large ascarid burdens in the foal:

**Macrocyclic lactones (Ivermectin in Equimax® or Eqvalan® paste) 0.2mg/kg at 60 day intervals (NB: NOT the drug of choice because resistance is widespread)

**Macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin in Equimax Oral Paste for Horses® which also contains praziquantel) 0.2mg/kg ivermectin and 1.5mg/kg praziquantel.  Treatment is recommended at least twice a year, in spring and autumn or according to veterinary advice.  Not for foals under 2 weeks of age.  Withdrawal period 35 days.(NB: NOT the drug of choice because resistance is widespread)

**Tetrahydropyrimidines (Pyrantel embonate in Strongid-P® paste) 19mg/kg PO: for foals over 4 weeks of age up to eight months - dose every four weeks.  For horses over eight months of age routinely dose every 6 to 8 weeks, but during the summer and  

**Tetrahydropyrimidines (Pyrantel embonate in Strongid-P® paste) 19mg/kg PO: for foals over 4 weeks of age up to eight months - dose every four weeks.  For horses over eight months of age routinely dose every 6 to 8 weeks, but during the summer and  

autumn when at grass dose every 4 to 6 weeks.  Always dose three to four days before turning out after  

autumn when at grass dose every 4 to 6 weeks.  Always dose three to four days before turning out after  

in-wintering.  

in-wintering.  

**Benzimidazoles (Fenbendazole in Panacur®) 10mg/kg PO at 56 day intervals

**Benzimidazoles (Fenbendazole in Panacur® Equine Oral Paste) 10mg/kg PO

It is recommended that horses and ponies are routinely wormed with a single dose of this product every 6 to 8 weeks. In Late Winter or Spring, mass emergence of encysted mucosal small redworm from the horse’s gut can cause parasitic diarrhoea, mild recurring colic, weight and appetite loss and weakness.To avoid this, it is recommended that horses are administered the 5-day Panacur treatment in the Autumn (ideally late October/November) and again in the Spring (ideally in February). All new horses whose worming history is unknown should also be administered the 5-day Panacur treatment.Pregnant mares and young foals may also be safely treated with Panacur at the recommended dosage levels.Not to be used in horses intended for human consumption.Treated horses may never be slaughtered for human consumption.The horse must have been declared as not intended for human consumption under national horse passport legislation.

*For foals that have not been on a controlled programme or if a large burden is suspected:

*For foals that have not been on a controlled programme or if a large burden is suspected:

**Fenbendazole at 5mg/kg PO (lower dose with only 50% efficacy against ''Parasacaris'')

**Fenbendazole at 5mg/kg PO (lower dose with only 50% efficacy against ''Parasacaris'')