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==Introduction==

==Introduction==

The peripheral nervous system found in most domestic species can be segregated into three sub-systems; the sensory system, the somatic motor system and the autonomic system. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the internal environment of the body including factors such as body temperature, blood pressure and concentrations of many substances. The ANS is also responsible for mobilising the body's resources during stressful situations. The ANS controls gland cells, cardiac muscle cells and smooth muscle cells. Control of this nervous system is involuntary and regulation is via autonomic reflexes. The '''autonomic reflex arc''' system is very similar to that of the somatic motor system, i.e. there are sensory (afferent) nerve fibres, an information integration centre, motor (efferent) fibres and effector cells. Any levels of increased activity within the autonomic nervous system can result in both stimulation or inhibition of effector cells, although it is only the efferent part of the reflex arc that is actually considered autonomic.  

The peripheral nervous system found in most domestic species can be segregated into three sub-systems; the sensory system, the somatic motor system and the autonomic system. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the internal environment of the body including factors such as body temperature, blood pressure and concentrations of many substances. The ANS is also responsible for mobilising the body's resources during stressful situations. The ANS controls gland cells, cardiac muscle cells and smooth muscle cells. Control of this nervous system is involuntary and regulation is via autonomic reflexes. The '''autonomic reflex arc''' system is very similar to that of the somatic motor system, i.e. there are sensory (afferent) nerve fibres, an information integration centre, motor (efferent) fibres and effector cells. Any levels of increased activity within the autonomic nervous system can result in both stimulation or inhibition of effector cells, although it is only the efferent part of the reflex arc that is actually considered autonomic.  

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The '''ANS reflex arcs''' maintain homeostasis via a process of ''negative feedback'' in which a sensory cell from within the peripheral nervous system takes a measurement, for example body temperature. This temperature reading is then relayed to the CNS where it is compared to a reference value. The CNS then uses efferent fibres to generate a response from effector cells given the comparison to the reference and thus adjusting the internal environment.

The '''ANS [[Reflex Arcs - Anatomy & Physiology|reflex arcs]]''' maintain homeostasis via a process of ''negative feedback'' in which a sensory cell from within the peripheral nervous system takes a measurement, for example body temperature. This temperature reading is then relayed to the CNS where it is compared to a reference value. The CNS then uses efferent fibres to generate a response from effector cells given the comparison to the reference and thus adjusting the internal environment.

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[[Category:Nervous_System_-_Anatomy_&_Physiology]] [[Category:A&P Done]]

[[Category:Nervous_System_-_Anatomy_&_Physiology]] [[Category:A&P Done]]