Changes

==Parasympathetic Nervous System==

==Parasympathetic Nervous System==

The PNS is only activated during rest and can be used to regulate systems during functions such as digestion. Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons have cell bodies that are located in two seperate parts of the CNS, rather than running almost the full length of the CNS as the SNS does. The PNS has preganglionic neurons located in the brain stem and the sacral part of the spinal cord, and is referred to as a craniosacral outflow. Four of the [[Cranial_Nerves_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|cranial nerves]] supply parasympathetic innervation to the majority of the body's glands and internal organs; the ''oculomotor nerve'' (3), ''facial nerve'' (7), ''glossopharyngeal nerve'' (9) and the ''vagus nerve'' (10). In particular the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve) is responsible for a major proportion of PNS innervation, although the PNS fibres located within the lateral horns of 2 or 3 sacral segments are responsible for innervation of the sex organs, urinary bladder and the rectum. Preganglionic PNS neurones are relatively long and have their cell bodies located within the cranial nerve nuclei for cranial nerves or in the lateral horn grey matter of the spinal cord for the sacral segments. PNS ganglia are located either adjacent to or within thwe wall of target organs and in contrast to SNS ganglia, there are no interconnections between ganglia in the PNS. Postganglionic PNS neurones are therefore very short.  

The PNS is only activated during rest and can be used to regulate systems during functions such as digestion. Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons have cell bodies that are located in two seperate parts of the CNS, rather than running almost the full length of the CNS as the SNS does. The PNS has preganglionic neurons located in the brain stem and the sacral part of the spinal cord, and is referred to as a craniosacral outflow. Four of the '''[[Cranial_Nerves_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|cranial nerves]]''' supply parasympathetic innervation to the majority of the body's glands and internal organs; the ''oculomotor nerve'' (3), ''facial nerve'' (7), ''glossopharyngeal nerve'' (9) and the ''vagus nerve'' (10). In particular the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve) is responsible for a major proportion of PNS innervation, although the PNS fibres located within the lateral horns of 2 or 3 sacral segments are responsible for innervation of the sex organs, urinary bladder and the rectum. Preganglionic PNS neurones are relatively long and have their cell bodies located within the cranial nerve nuclei for cranial nerves or in the lateral horn grey matter of the spinal cord for the sacral segments. PNS ganglia are located either adjacent to or within thwe wall of target organs and in contrast to SNS ganglia, there are no interconnections between ganglia in the PNS. Postganglionic PNS neurones are therefore very short.  

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />