Difference between revisions of "Avian Encephalomyelitis Flashcards"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(7 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<FlashCard questions="11">
+
<FlashCard questions="14">
 
|q1=Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)?
 
|q1=Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)?
 
|a1=Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV).
 
|a1=Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV).
 
|l1=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 
|l1=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
|q2= What are the main economic concerns for breeders and layers about AE?
+
|q2= Is avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) an RNA or DNA virus?
|a2=  
+
|a2= AEV is a single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus
 +
|l2=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 +
|q3= What genus does AEV belong to?
 +
|a3= Hepatovirus
 +
|l3=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 +
|q4= What family does the virus belong to?
 +
|a4=Picornaviridae
 +
|l4=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 +
|q5= What are the main economic concerns for breeders and layers about AE?
 +
|a5=  
 
*Temporary decrease in egg production in laying hens
 
*Temporary decrease in egg production in laying hens
 
*Decrease in egg hatchability
 
*Decrease in egg hatchability
 
*Neurological disease and morbidity /mortality of chicks under three weeks of age
 
*Neurological disease and morbidity /mortality of chicks under three weeks of age
 
*Surviving chicks are considered unlikely to be profitable
 
*Surviving chicks are considered unlikely to be profitable
|l2=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
+
|l5=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
|q3= How is AE spread?
+
|q6= How is AE spread and what is its epidemiology?
|a3=
+
|a6=
 
*Horizontally via faecal-oral route (main route of infection)
 
*Horizontally via faecal-oral route (main route of infection)
 
*Vertical transmission from infected layer to their chicks
 
*Vertical transmission from infected layer to their chicks
|l3= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
+
*The virus replicates in the epithial cells of the alimentary tract and is circulated in the bloodstream to other organs and the central nervous system (CNS). The virus is shed within 3 days of oral ingestion and in young chicks can continue to be shed for over two weeks. Shedding ceases once specific antibodies are produced.
|q4= What species of birds does AE affect?
+
|l6= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
|a4=  
+
|q7= What species of birds does AE affect?
 +
|a7=  
 
*Chickens (main domestic host)
 
*Chickens (main domestic host)
 
*Species of partridge
 
*Species of partridge
Line 23: Line 33:
 
*Guineafowl
 
*Guineafowl
 
*Pheasants
 
*Pheasants
|l4= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Signalment
+
|l7= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Signalment
|q5=What are the clinical signs of AE?
+
|q8=What are the clinical signs of AE?
|a5= AE causes the most serious disease in chicks under 3 weeks of age.  The clinical signs for this age group are:
+
|a8= AE causes the most serious disease in chicks under 3 weeks of age.  The clinical signs for this age group are:
 
*neurological signs ranging from ataxia, rapid tremor of the head and neck, drooping of the wings, weakness, paralysis, exercise intolerance to blindness and changes in vocalisation.
 
*neurological signs ranging from ataxia, rapid tremor of the head and neck, drooping of the wings, weakness, paralysis, exercise intolerance to blindness and changes in vocalisation.
 
*Weight loss, lameness, and unthriftiness
 
*Weight loss, lameness, and unthriftiness
Line 34: Line 44:
 
*Decrease in droppings
 
*Decrease in droppings
 
*Decrease in hatching rates
 
*Decrease in hatching rates
|l5= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Clinical Signs
+
|l8= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Clinical Signs
|q6= How can AE be diagnosed?
+
|q9= How can AE be diagnosed?
|a6=
+
|a9=
 
The following methods have been used to help diagnose Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE):
 
The following methods have been used to help diagnose Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE):
 
*Virus Neutralization test
 
*Virus Neutralization test
Line 43: Line 53:
 
*Elisa test
 
*Elisa test
 
All of the above tests indicate exposure to AE but not neccessarily a current infection.  
 
All of the above tests indicate exposure to AE but not neccessarily a current infection.  
 +
Diagnosis can be confirmed by either histopathology or by virus isolation.
  
Diagnosis can be achieved confirmed by either histopathology or by virus isolation.
+
|l9= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Diagnosis
 
+
|q10=What is the distribution of AE?
Post mortem and identification of pathognomonic lesions in the:
+
|a10=Worldwide, the disease has been documented in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America.
*Midbrain and rotundua and ovidalis nucleus (microglisosis
+
|l10=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Distribution
*Proventriculus (dense nodules within the muscular wall)
+
|q11=What is the treatment for AE?
*Lesions can also be present in the pancreas
+
|a11=There is no treatment for chicks infected with avian encephalomyelitis (AE).  
|l6= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Diagnosis
+
|l11=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment
|q7=What is the distribution of AE?
+
|q12=Can chicken and surviving chicks become immune to AEV?
|a7=Worldwide, the disease has been documented in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America.
+
|a12=Yes, surviving chicks, infected hens and birds that have been vaccinated will be immune to AE for life.  
|l7=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Distribution
+
|l12=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment
|q8=What is the treatment for AE?
+
|q13=How many serotypes are there for AEV?
|a8=There is no treatment for chicks infected with avian encephalomyelitis (AE).  
+
|a13=There is only one serotype for the AEV.  
|l8=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment
+
|l13=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control
|q9=Can chicken and surviving chicks become immune to AEV?
+
|q14=How can AE be controlled?
|a9=Yes, surviving chicks, infected hens and birds that have been vaccinated will be immune to AE for life.  
+
|a14=Vaccination of pullets several weeks before they come into lay. There are live and attenuated vaccinations available which can be administered in drinking water or as an eye drop, the latter being more effective.   
|l9=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment
+
|l14=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control
|q10=How many serotypes are there for AEV?
 
|a10=There is only one serotype for the AEV.  
 
|l10=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control
 
|q11=How can AE be controlled?
 
|a11=Vaccination of pullets several weeks before they come into lay. Vaccination protects the flock from a reduction in egg production and prevents vertical transmission of the virus to chicks by providing the chicks with a sufficient level of maternal derived antibodies. There are live and attenuated vaccinations available which can be administered in drinking water or as an eye drop, the latter being more effective.   
 
|l11=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control
 
 
</FlashCard>
 
</FlashCard>
  
==Further links==
 
[[Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1| ''Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1'']]
 
 
[[Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 flashcard| ''Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 flashcard'']]
 
  
[[Category: Avian Flashcards]]
+
[[Category:Avian Flashcards]]
[[Category:To Do - CABI review]]
+
[[Category:CABI Flashcards]]
 
[[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]]
 
[[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]]

Latest revision as of 09:05, 25 August 2011

Question Answer Article
Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)? Link to Article
Is avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) an RNA or DNA virus? Link to Article
What genus does AEV belong to? Link to Article
What family does the virus belong to? Link to Article
What are the main economic concerns for breeders and layers about AE? Link to Article
How is AE spread and what is its epidemiology? Link to Article
What species of birds does AE affect? Link to Article
What are the clinical signs of AE? Link to Article
How can AE be diagnosed? Link to Article
What is the distribution of AE? Link to Article
What is the treatment for AE? Link to Article
Can chicken and surviving chicks become immune to AEV? Link to Article
How many serotypes are there for AEV? Link to Article
How can AE be controlled? Link to Article