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Avian Male Reproductive Tract - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 15:21, 29 November 2010
, 15:21, 29 November 2010Text replace - "-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology" to "- Anatomy & Physiology"
* Psittacines, Passerines, Pidgeons and birds of prey all have no phallus.
* Psittacines, Passerines, Pidgeons and birds of prey all have no phallus.
* Copulate by transferring semen from the everted [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#The_Cloaca|Cloaca]] directly into the female [[Exotics_-_Anatomy_of_the_Female_Reproductive_System_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]].
* Copulate by transferring semen from the everted [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_- Anatomy & Physiology#The_Cloaca|Cloaca]] directly into the female [[Exotics_-_Anatomy_of_the_Female_Reproductive_System_- Anatomy & Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]].
=== Non-Protrusible Phallus ===
=== Non-Protrusible Phallus ===
* Consists of a small medial tubercle intimately associated on each side with lymphatic folds and vessels.
* Consists of a small medial tubercle intimately associated on each side with lymphatic folds and vessels.
* When erect with lymph, the phallus develops a median groove.
* When erect with lymph, the phallus develops a median groove.
** Median groove permits passage of ejaculate down into the everted female [[Exotics_-_Anatomy_of_the_Female_Reproductive_System_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]].
** Median groove permits passage of ejaculate down into the everted female [[Exotics_-_Anatomy_of_the_Female_Reproductive_System_- Anatomy & Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]].
=== Protrusible Phallus ===
=== Protrusible Phallus ===
* Ratites and Anseriformes
* Ratites and Anseriformes
* Elongated, capable of true intromission into the female [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#The_Cloaca|cloaca]].
* Elongated, capable of true intromission into the female [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_- Anatomy & Physiology#The_Cloaca|cloaca]].
* Distal end lies enclosed in a cavity on the floor of the [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#The_Cloaca|cloaca]] and becomes engorged with lymphatic fluid.
* Distal end lies enclosed in a cavity on the floor of the [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_- Anatomy & Physiology#The_Cloaca|cloaca]] and becomes engorged with lymphatic fluid.
** Anseriformes have a curved, fibrous phallus that conveys semen via a spiral groove.
** Anseriformes have a curved, fibrous phallus that conveys semen via a spiral groove.
== Accessory Sex Organs ==
== Accessory Sex Organs ==
The male avian has no [[Male_Reproductive_Tract_-Accessory_Sex_Glands_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|accessory sex glands]] that are seen in mammals. Instead, they have accessory reproductive organs:
The male avian has no [[Male_Reproductive_Tract_-Accessory_Sex_Glands_- Anatomy & Physiology|accessory sex glands]] that are seen in mammals. Instead, they have accessory reproductive organs:
* Paracloacal Vascular Bodies
* Paracloacal Vascular Bodies
* Dorsal Procotodeal Gland
* Dorsal Procotodeal Gland
* Lymphatic Folds
* Lymphatic Folds
These are either in proximity to, or are an integral part of the [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#The_Cloaca|cloaca]].
These are either in proximity to, or are an integral part of the [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_- Anatomy & Physiology#The_Cloaca|cloaca]].
=== Dorsal Procotodeal Gland ===
=== Dorsal Procotodeal Gland ===
* Found on the dorsal [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#The_Cloaca|proctodeum]].
* Found on the dorsal [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_- Anatomy & Physiology#The_Cloaca|proctodeum]].
* Develop to varying degrees.
* Develop to varying degrees.
* Undergo [[Disorders of Cell Growth - Pathology#Hypertrophy|hypertrophy]] in response to '''steroid sex hormones'''.
* Undergo [[Disorders of Cell Growth - Pathology#Hypertrophy|hypertrophy]] in response to '''steroid sex hormones'''.
=== Lymphatic Folds ===
=== Lymphatic Folds ===
* Found within the wall of the [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#The_Cloaca|procotodeum]].
* Found within the wall of the [[Avian_Vent_and_Cloaca_- Anatomy & Physiology#The_Cloaca|procotodeum]].
* Contribute to the lymphatic erection of the either cloacal or phallic tissue.
* Contribute to the lymphatic erection of the either cloacal or phallic tissue.
* Release a lymph-like transparent transudate when engorged.
* Release a lymph-like transparent transudate when engorged.