Changes

For the appropriate development of the CNS a number of important basic requirements must be achieved. For example, the appropriate haemopoeitic cells must differentiate into specific cells (either neurons or glia) and any axons must extend to appropriate positions in order to form synapses. Development of the CNS is a complex process and complete coordination is required to facilitate the correct procedure of cell differentiation and the establishment of the correct intracellular connections. A range of neurotrophic factors regulate these interactions including FGF, nerve growth factor, laminin, brain derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 3.

For the appropriate development of the CNS a number of important basic requirements must be achieved. For example, the appropriate haemopoeitic cells must differentiate into specific cells (either neurons or glia) and any axons must extend to appropriate positions in order to form synapses. Development of the CNS is a complex process and complete coordination is required to facilitate the correct procedure of cell differentiation and the establishment of the correct intracellular connections. A range of neurotrophic factors regulate these interactions including FGF, nerve growth factor, laminin, brain derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 3.

==Developmental Origins==

==Developmental Origins==

The embryological origin of the CNS is from the '''neural ectoderm''' which is a ridge of tissue in the centre of the early embryo once the basic blastula has undergone a degree of differentiation. The neural ectoderm is formed via the thickening of the ectoderm and it's interaction with underlying basic neural tissues including the notochord. This interaction results in the formation of the neural plate, termed the neuroectoderm.  

The embryological origin of the CNS is from the '''neural ectoderm''' which is a ridge of tissue in the centre of the early embryo once the basic blastula has undergone a degree of differentiation. The neural ectoderm is formed via the thickening of the ectoderm and it's interaction with underlying basic neural tissues including the notochord. This interaction results in the formation of the neural plate, termed the neuroectoderm. Below is a diagram of the completed initial stages of development to provide an indication of the anatomy of the development process.

[[File:Gray19 with color.png|thumb|centre|500px|Neurulation]]

[[File:Gray19 with color.png|thumb|centre|500px|Neurulation]]

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In the presence of the Lateral Plate Mesoderm (LPM) factor however, ectoderm forms epidermis. To overcome this in development the notochord secretes a LPM factor antagonist allowing the formation of neuroectoderm directly above it. This forms the '''neural plate''' and folds to form the '''neural tube'''.

Formation of the neuroectoderm occurs as a result of the folding of the neural plate due to the presence of the Lateral Plate Mesoderm (LPM) factor.

 

LPM causes ectoderm to form epidermis. To overcome this in development the notochord secretes a LPM factor antagonist allowing the formation of neuroectoderm directly above it. This forms the '''neural plate''' and folds to form the '''neural tube'''.

[[Image:WIKIVETneuraltubeformation.jpg]]

[[Image:WIKIVETneuraltubeformation.jpg]]

[[Image:WIKIVETbraindifferentiation.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Brain Differentiation - © Sophie Stenner]]

[[Image:WIKIVETbraindifferentiation.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Brain Differentiation - © Sophie Stenner]]