Difference between revisions of "Camelid Female Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| + | == Ovary == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Located ~36 cm from the opening of the vulva but are subject to great variations depending on the physiological stage. | ||
| + | ** For example, during pregnancy they becomes more ventral and are pulled forward during the advancing stages thus making them very difficult to palpate. | ||
| + | * The left ovary is generally more cranio-ventral in postion than the right ovary. | ||
| + | * The ovary is attached to the broad ligament by a well-defined strong ligament which extends from the hilus of the ovary to the tip of the corresponding uterine horn. | ||
| + | * Both ovaries are enclosed within a fold of the mesosalpinx known as the ovarian bursa, the apex of this bursa forms a large circular orifice within which lies the fimbriae of the oviduct. | ||
| + | * Their general appearance and size varies according to the age and activity of the animal. ** In the prepubertal animals they have a smooth and glistening surface with several raised small vesicles (2 - 5 mm in diameter) throughout the surface which correspond to the follicles. | ||
| + | ** In anoestrous females the ovaries are oval or circular, flattened laterally and have an irregular surface due to many small follicles. | ||
| + | ** During the breeding season, mature follicles and current copora lutea (CL) project from the main contour of the ovary and give it a more lobular form. | ||
| + | *** This lobulation increases with increased number of previous ovulations or pregnancies and is due mainly to the presence of old corpora albicantia. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Oviduct == | ||
| + | |||
* Y-shaped [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Uterus]] | * Y-shaped [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Uterus]] | ||
* Almost all pregnancies carried in the left Uterine Horn. | * Almost all pregnancies carried in the left Uterine Horn. | ||
* Ova shed from the right ovary must migrate down the right Uterine Horn to the Uterine Body and up the left Uterine Horn in order to [[Fertilisation%2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development_-Implantation-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|establish pregnancy]]. | * Ova shed from the right ovary must migrate down the right Uterine Horn to the Uterine Body and up the left Uterine Horn in order to [[Fertilisation%2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development_-Implantation-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|establish pregnancy]]. | ||
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== Hymen == | == Hymen == | ||
Revision as of 12:28, 1 August 2008
Ovary
- Located ~36 cm from the opening of the vulva but are subject to great variations depending on the physiological stage.
- For example, during pregnancy they becomes more ventral and are pulled forward during the advancing stages thus making them very difficult to palpate.
- The left ovary is generally more cranio-ventral in postion than the right ovary.
- The ovary is attached to the broad ligament by a well-defined strong ligament which extends from the hilus of the ovary to the tip of the corresponding uterine horn.
- Both ovaries are enclosed within a fold of the mesosalpinx known as the ovarian bursa, the apex of this bursa forms a large circular orifice within which lies the fimbriae of the oviduct.
- Their general appearance and size varies according to the age and activity of the animal. ** In the prepubertal animals they have a smooth and glistening surface with several raised small vesicles (2 - 5 mm in diameter) throughout the surface which correspond to the follicles.
- In anoestrous females the ovaries are oval or circular, flattened laterally and have an irregular surface due to many small follicles.
- During the breeding season, mature follicles and current copora lutea (CL) project from the main contour of the ovary and give it a more lobular form.
- This lobulation increases with increased number of previous ovulations or pregnancies and is due mainly to the presence of old corpora albicantia.
Oviduct
- Y-shaped Uterus
- Almost all pregnancies carried in the left Uterine Horn.
- Ova shed from the right ovary must migrate down the right Uterine Horn to the Uterine Body and up the left Uterine Horn in order to establish pregnancy.
Hymen
- Membrane 3-4cm thick
- Persists from embryonic development in maiden females.
- Tough to break down, some males may fail to achieve it.
- Mating will stimulate ovulation and subsequent rejection of the male by the female but no pregnancy.
- May require assistance to break the hymen of maiden females using a sterile-gloved finger.