Difference between revisions of "Category:Autoimmune Diseases"

Revision as of 14:50, 11 August 2010

Rheumatoid Arthritis-Brian Catchpole RVC 2008

Diabetes Mellitus-Brian Catchpole RVC 2008

Pathogenesis:

Type IV hypersensitivity: CD4 Th-1 cell mediated.
Macrophages phagocytose self antigens and can present peptides on their MHC Class II molecules. The autoreactive TH-1 cells release IFN-gamma which activates macrophages to release prostaglandins, MMP enzymes and TNF-alpha (pro-inflammatory mediator), see diagram. These cytokines cause inflammation and tissue destruction.

Pathogenesis:

Type IV hypersensitivity
The CTLs think that all the beta cells in the pancreas are infected by a virus, as it wrongly detects a self antigen presented by the MHC class I on the surface of the cell as foreign.
Autoreactive CD8+ CTLs are inadvertently activated, destroying the beta cells, thus preventing the secretion of insulin and causing diabetes type 1 (see diagram).

Pathogenesis: Type IV hypersensitivity

Pathogenesis: Type IV hypersensitivity

This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.

This category contains only the following page.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+==[[Antibody Mediated Autoimmune Diseases]]==
-==Antibody mediated autoimmune diseases==
-[[Image:ImageNeeded.png|right|thumb|150px|Myasthenia gravis]]
-===1. Immune Mediated Haemolytic Anaemia (IMHA)===
-'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
-* Autoantibody attack on the red blood cells causing extravascular and intravascular lysis which causes anaemia.
-* The in saline autoagglutination test and the coombes test is used to diagnose the disorder.
-===2. Immune Mediated Thrombocytopaenia (IMTP) ===
-'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
-* There is an immunological attack on the platelets which reduces the ability for clotting.
-* A reduced platelet count and detection of anti-platelet antibodies in the serum are used for diagnosis of this disorder.
-===3. Myasthenia gravis===
-'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
-===4. Bullous Pemphigoid===
-'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
-===5. Pemphigus Vulgaris===
-'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
-===6. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)/Multi-systemic immune mediated disease===
-'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type III Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type III hypersensitivity]]
 ==Cell mediated autoimmune diseases==