Difference between revisions of "Clostridium botulinum"

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(Created page with '*Ubiquitous organism *Oval, subterminal endospores; spores survive boiling for hours *Causes botulism, a potentially fatal intoxicat…')
 
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*Treatment: polyvalent antiserum neutralises unbound toxin
 
*Treatment: polyvalent antiserum neutralises unbound toxin
 
*Toxoid vaccine used in endemic regions
 
*Toxoid vaccine used in endemic regions
*Implicated in [[Intestine Physical Disturbances - Pathology#Equine dysautonomia, or grass sickness|equine grass sickness]][[Category:Neurotoxic_Clostridia]][[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Birds]]
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*Implicated in [[Grass Sickness|equine grass sickness]]
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[[Category:Neurotoxic_Clostridia]][[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Birds]]

Revision as of 13:00, 1 June 2010

  • Ubiquitous organism
  • Oval, subterminal endospores; spores survive boiling for hours
  • Causes botulism, a potentially fatal intoxication
  • Germination of endospores, growth of bacterial cells and toxin production in anaerobic conditions e.g. decaying carcasses and vegetation
  • Disease in animals consuming rotting carcasses and in herbivores through contamination of feed
  • Pathogenesis:
    • Intoxication on ingestion and absorbtion of toxin from GIT into the blood
    • Occasionally germination of spores in wounds or GIT
    • Neurotoxin carried to peripheral nervous system
    • Toxin binds gangliosides irreversibly at the neuromuscular junction
    • Blocks release of acetylcholine
  • Clinical signs:
    • Dilated pupils, dry mucus membranes, decreased salivation, tongue flacidity, dysphagia in farm animals
    • Incoordination and knuckling followed by flacid paralysis and recumbency
    • Paralysis of respiratory muscles leads to death
    • Flacid paralysis of legs and wings in birds
  • Diagnosis:
    • Mouse inoculation with infected serum
    • Toxin detection by PCR, ELISA
    • Toxin neutralisation tests in mice
  • Treatment: polyvalent antiserum neutralises unbound toxin
  • Toxoid vaccine used in endemic regions
  • Implicated in equine grass sickness