Difference between revisions of "Dystocia"
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[[Category:Reproductive Disorders]][[Category:Parturition]] | [[Category:Reproductive Disorders]][[Category:Parturition]] | ||
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Revision as of 19:57, 8 July 2011
- Difficult and Extended Birth
- Influenced by many factors such as:
- Breed
- Age
- Parity
- Body Condition
- Environment
- Nutritional status and energy balance
Incidence of Dystocia
- Cow: 3%
- Ewe: 3-30%
- Sow: 1%
- Mare: 4%
- Bitch: 1%
- Queen: 1%
Common Causes
- Incorrect foetal position e.g. breech in Lambs
- In the cow, mare and ewe the foetus must rotate in utero prior to parturition.
- Foetus is too large, or dam is too small (fetomaternal disproportion)
- Multiple births
- Twins in monotocious species
- Both may be presented simultaneously
- First may be positioned abnormally and block passage of the second.
- Uterus may become fatigued by difficult and sustained contractions.
- Poor or absent Uterine contractions (Inertia)
- Increases after pharmacological induction of parturition in cows and pigs
Further Complications after Birth
- Increased incidence of stillbirths
- Increased neonatal mortality and morbidity
- Increased incidence of mortality for the dam
- Reduced dam productivity and fertility
- Increased incidence of sterility, puerperal disease and culling
- Mother often rejects the offspring