Difference between revisions of "Enteritis, Eosinophilic"
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| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
===Clinical Signs=== | ===Clinical Signs=== | ||
*Vomiting | *Vomiting | ||
| − | *Diarrhoea; small | + | *Diarrhoea; small intestinal is more common |
**Haematoemesis or malena, and/or haematochezia; EGE is associated with mucosal erosion or ulceration | **Haematoemesis or malena, and/or haematochezia; EGE is associated with mucosal erosion or ulceration | ||
*Protein-losing enteropathy in severe cases | *Protein-losing enteropathy in severe cases | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
===Laboratory Tests=== | ===Laboratory Tests=== | ||
====Haematology==== | ====Haematology==== | ||
| − | + | *Anaemia if gastrointestinal haemorrhage is severe. | |
====Biochemistry==== | ====Biochemistry==== | ||
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
**This is not always present. Even when present, alone, it cannot prove the presence of EE. | **This is not always present. Even when present, alone, it cannot prove the presence of EE. | ||
**It is also a marker for parasitism, hypoadrenocorticism, allergic dermatological disease, allergic respiratory disease and mast cell tumour. | **It is also a marker for parasitism, hypoadrenocorticism, allergic dermatological disease, allergic respiratory disease and mast cell tumour. | ||
| + | *Panhypoproteinaemia | ||
| + | **Secoondary to concurrent protein-losing enteropathy | ||
| + | |||
====Other Tests==== | ====Other Tests==== | ||
| Line 42: | Line 45: | ||
===Diagnostic Imaging=== | ===Diagnostic Imaging=== | ||
| − | + | *Endoscopically, linear ulcers within the duodenal mucosa may be seen grossly. | |
| Line 49: | Line 52: | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
| + | *Anti-parasiticide | ||
| + | **Fenbendazole may be given due to the possible endoparasitism or dietary sensitivity | ||
*Dietary modification | *Dietary modification | ||
**A hypoallergenic diet should be used | **A hypoallergenic diet should be used | ||
| Line 54: | Line 59: | ||
Refer to [[Inflammatory Bowel Disease - WikiClinical #Treatment|IBD]] for further information | Refer to [[Inflammatory Bowel Disease - WikiClinical #Treatment|IBD]] for further information | ||
| − | |||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
| − | + | Guarded if the initial response to treatment is poor. Good if the underlying cause is detected and successfully treated. | |
Revision as of 17:16, 12 August 2009
 |
This article is still under construction. |
Signalment
- Seen in any breed or age
- However, more common in younger animal
- More common in
- Boxers
- Dobermans
- German Shepherd Dogs
Description
Eosinophilic enteritis (EE) is the second most common form of IBD, characterised by a mixed, but predominantly eosiphilic, mucosal inflammatory infiltration. EGE may be limited to the small intestine or it may affect other areas of the gastrointestinal tract such as stomach or colon.
An eosinophilic infiltrate may indicate a diet-induced, type 1 hypersensitivity. However, most dogs do not respond to a purely exclusion diet. Endoparasitism should also be excluded prior to immunosuppressive therapy for EE.
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea; small intestinal is more common
- Haematoemesis or malena, and/or haematochezia; EGE is associated with mucosal erosion or ulceration
- Protein-losing enteropathy in severe cases
- Hypoproteinaemia in severe casese
Laboratory Tests
Haematology
- Anaemia if gastrointestinal haemorrhage is severe.
Biochemistry
- Eosinophilia
- This is not always present. Even when present, alone, it cannot prove the presence of EE.
- It is also a marker for parasitism, hypoadrenocorticism, allergic dermatological disease, allergic respiratory disease and mast cell tumour.
- Panhypoproteinaemia
- Secoondary to concurrent protein-losing enteropathy
Other Tests
Diagnostic Imaging
- Endoscopically, linear ulcers within the duodenal mucosa may be seen grossly.
Histopathology
Biopsy is required for a definitive diagnosis.
Treatment
- Anti-parasiticide
- Fenbendazole may be given due to the possible endoparasitism or dietary sensitivity
- Dietary modification
- A hypoallergenic diet should be used
- Immunosuppressive therapy
Refer to IBD for further information
Prognosis
Guarded if the initial response to treatment is poor. Good if the underlying cause is detected and successfully treated.
References
- Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2 (Fifth Edition) W.B. Saunders Company.
- Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition) BSAVA
- Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition) Mosby Elsevier.