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Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (view source)
Revision as of 10:49, 17 July 2010
, 10:49, 17 July 2010→Differential Diagnoses
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|WNV encephalitis
|WNV encephalitis
|Systemically ill, pyrexia and changes in leukogram. Difficult if horse afebrile and has no excessive muscle fasciculations<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|Systemically ill, pyrexia. Difficult if horse afebrile and has no excessive muscle fasciculations<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|CSF abnormal, IgM capture ELISA
|Leukogram, CSF analysis, IgM capture ELISA
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|EEE
|EEE
|Systemically ill, pyrexia and changes in leukogram, abnormal motor function<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref, rapidly progressive (seino, p134)
|Systemically ill, pyrexia, abnormal motor function<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref, rapidly progressive (seino, p134)
|CSF abnormal
|Leukogram, CSF analysis
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|WEE
|WEE
|Systemically ill, pyrexia and changes in leukogram, abnormal motor function<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|Systemically ill, pyrexia, abnormal motor function<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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|Leukogram
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|VEE
|VEE
|Systemically ill, pyrexia and changes in leukogram
|Systemically ill, pyrexia.
|IgM ELISA (Bertone)
|Leukogram, IgM ELISA<ref>Bertone, J.J (2010) ''Viral Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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|Equine herpesvirus-1 myeloencephalopathy
|Equine herpesvirus-1 myeloencephalopathy
|Sudden onset and early stabilization of neuro signs, multiple horses affected, recent fever, abortion (14 in Wilson and Pusterla p615) dysuria not often seen in EPM
|Sudden onset and early stabilization of neuro signs, multiple horses affected, recent fever, abortion<ref>Wilson, W.D, Pusterla, N (2010) ''Equine Herpesvirus-1 Myeloencephalopathy'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>dysuria not often seen in EPM.
|CSF abnormal, PCR<ref name="Furr">Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|CSF abnormal, PCR<ref name="Furr">Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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|Rabies
|Rabies
|Rapid progression (Sommardahl), behavioural alterations, depression, seizure, coma.<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|Rapid progression<ref name="Sommardahl">Sommardahl, C.S (2010) ''Rabies'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>, behavioural alterations, depression, seizure, coma.<ref name="Long">Long, M.T (2010) ''Flavivirus Encephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|Post-mortem dx (Sommardahl)
|Post-mortem required for definitive diagnosis.<ref name="Sommardahl">Sommardahl, C.S (2010) ''Rabies'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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|Polyneuritis equi
|Polyneuritis equi
|Cranial nerve deficits peripheral with no change in attitude (6 p623 in Saville)
|Cranial nerve deficits peripheral with no change in attitude<ref>Scaratt, W.K, Jortner, B.S (1985) Neuritis of the cauda equina in a yearling filly. ''Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet'', 7:S197-S202. In: Saville, W.J (2010) ''Polyneuritis equi'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
|Western blot analysis of CSF(20 p623 in Saville)
|Western blot analysis of CSF<ref>Granstrom, D.E, Dubey, J.P, Giles, R.C (1994) Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis: biology and epidemiology. In Nakajima, H, Plowright, W, editors: ''Refereed Proceedings'', Newmarket, England, R & W Publications. In: Saville, W.J (2010) ''Polyneuritis equi'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
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|Equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy
|Equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy
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|Spinal trauma<ref name="Pasq">Pasquini, C, Pasquini, S, Woods, P (2005) '''Guide to Equine Clinics Volume 1: Equine Medicine''' (Third edition), ''SUDZ Publishing'', 245-250.</ref>
|Spinal trauma<ref name="Pasq">Pasquini, C, Pasquini, S, Woods, P (2005) '''Guide to Equine Clinics Volume 1: Equine Medicine''' (Third edition), ''SUDZ Publishing'', 245-250.</ref>
|Hx (usually acute onest nuero signs), usually spolitary lesion loclaised by neuro exa (71 p589)
|Hx (usually acute onset neurologica signs), usually solitary lesion loclaised by neurological exam (71 p589)
|Rads, myelography, CT, MRI, nuclear scintigraphy, CSF analysis, nerve conduction velocities, EMG, transcranial magnetic stimulation (p590)
|Radiography, myelography, CT, MRI, nuclear scintigraphy, CSF analysis, nerve conduction velocities, EMG, transcranial magnetic stimulation (p590)
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|Occipito-atlanto-axial malformation (OAAM)
|Occipito-atlanto-axial malformation (OAAM)