Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
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Introduction
Ethylene Glycol is a sweet tasting fluid that is the main constituent of anti-freeze products.[1]. Consequently in colder climates ethylene glycol toxicity is frequently encountered in practice. It has a relatively low minimum lethal dose, and its sweet, palatable taste makes it attractive to dogs, cats and other small animals. [1], [2]
Signalment
- Dogs: all ages, both sexes, following intoxication lower incidence of fatalities in dogs compared to cats [1]
- Cats: all ages, both sexes
- Birds
- Otherincluding pigs and cattle [1]
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
Severity of clinicals signs is inversly proportional to
Laboratory Tests
Pathology
Treatment
Ethylene Glycol is a weak acid. Therefore in order to increase the rate of renal clearance sodium bicarbonate can be administered to dogs. Intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate at a concentration of 1-2 mmol/kg every 3 to 6 hours achieves sufficient alkalinisation of the urine.[3]
Prognosis
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult, Canine and Feline, Lippencott, Williams and Wilkins Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "multiple" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "multiple" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "multiple" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Feline Medicine and Therapeutics
- ↑ Canine Medicine and Therapeutics (Fourth Edition, 1998),Blackwell Science, p1049