Difference between revisions of "Gastric Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Horse"

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==Description==
 
==Description==
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor of the equine stomach.<ref name="Olsen">Olsen, S.N (1992) Squamous-cell carcinoma of the equine stomach: a report of 5 cases.  ''Vet Rec'', 131:170-173.  In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) ''Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 15.</ref>  It can affect the cardia and upper squamous regions of the stomach, resulting in a persistent mild [[Colic Diagnosis - Clinical Signs|colic]], commonly seen soon after feeding.  The tumor can invade and metastasize to lymph nodes, the lungs and regions palpable on [[Colic Diagnosis - Rectal Examination|rectal examination]].<ref name="Olsen">Olsen, S.N (1992) Squamous-cell carcinoma of the equine stomach: a report of 5 cases.  ''Vet Rec'', 131:170-173.  In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) ''Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 15.</ref>
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Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common primary tumor of the equine stomach.<ref name="Olsen">Olsen, S.N (1992) Squamous-cell carcinoma of the equine stomach: a report of 5 cases.  ''Vet Rec'', 131:170-173.  In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) ''Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 15.</ref>  It can affect the cardia and upper squamous regions of the stomach, resulting in a persistent mild [[Colic Diagnosis - Clinical Signs|colic]], commonly seen soon after feeding.  The tumor can invade and metastasize to lymph nodes, the lungs and regions palpable on [[Colic Diagnosis - Rectal Examination|rectal examination]].<ref name="Olsen">Olsen, S.N (1992) Squamous-cell carcinoma of the equine stomach: a report of 5 cases.  ''Vet Rec'', 131:170-173.  In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) ''Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 15.</ref>
  
 
==Clinical Signs and Diagnosis==
 
==Clinical Signs and Diagnosis==

Revision as of 19:09, 10 August 2010



Also known as: Gastric Neoplasia
See also: Colic, Gastric Causes

Description

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common primary tumor of the equine stomach.[1] It can affect the cardia and upper squamous regions of the stomach, resulting in a persistent mild colic, commonly seen soon after feeding. The tumor can invade and metastasize to lymph nodes, the lungs and regions palpable on rectal examination.[1]

Clinical Signs and Diagnosis

The main clinical signs include weight loss and general ill health.[2] Other signs may include anorexia, lethargy, abdominal distension, hypersalivation, pyrexia, tachypnoea, reduced borborygmi[3] and abnormal chewing and swallowing behaviour.[4] Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with this neoplastic disease has been reported in one horse.[5] Diagnosis is made by exclusion of other causes of weight loss and gastroscopy. Haematology may reveal a normocytic anaemia, neutrophilia and hypoalbuminaemia.[4] Abdominocentesis may demonstrate abnormal peritoneal effusions with neoplastic cells. Nodules lining the peritoneum may be seen at post-mortem examination.[4]

Treatment and Prognosis

In most cases, surgical resection is not possible[6] and the prognosis is grave.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Olsen, S.N (1992) Squamous-cell carcinoma of the equine stomach: a report of 5 cases. Vet Rec, 131:170-173. In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) Equine Internal Medicine (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.
  2. Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition), Merial.
  3. Taylor S.D, Haldorson, G.J, Vaughan, B, Pusterla, N (2009) Gastric neoplasia in horses. J Vet Intern Med, 23(5):1097-102.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Olsen, S.N (1992) Squamous-cell carcinoma of the equine stomach: a report of 5 cases. Vet Rec, 131:170-173.
  5. Schleining, J.A, Voss, E.D (2004) Hypertophic osteopathy secondary to gastric squamous cell carcinoma in a horse. Equine Vet Educ, 16:304-307. In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) Equine Internal Medicine (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.
  6. East, L.M, Savage, C.J (1998) Abdominal neoplasia (excluding urogenital tract). Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 14:475-493. In: Zimmel, D.N (2010) Neoplasia of the Alimentary Tract in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) Equine Internal Medicine (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.