Changes

Ingestion of these substances causes the disruption of the gastric mucosal barrier. This results in increased permeability, with hydrogen ions and pepsin penetrating the mucosa. An inflammatory response subsequently occurs that may damage blood vessels, resulting in the extravasation of blood and plasma into the gastric lumen. Mucosal erosions can develop due to necrosis of the mucosal epithelial cells.  

Ingestion of these substances causes the disruption of the gastric mucosal barrier. This results in increased permeability, with hydrogen ions and pepsin penetrating the mucosa. An inflammatory response subsequently occurs that may damage blood vessels, resulting in the extravasation of blood and plasma into the gastric lumen. Mucosal erosions can develop due to necrosis of the mucosal epithelial cells.  

Gastritis can cause contraction of gastric smooth muscle which causes spasms and pain. Vomiting may result from the stimulation of nerve endings that connect with the vomiting centre.

Gastritis can cause contraction of gastric smooth muscle which causes spasms and pain. Vomiting may result from the stimulation of nerve endings that connect with the vomiting centre<ref>Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''</ref>.

==Diagnosis==  

==Diagnosis==  

==References==

==References==

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