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*Infections often asymptomatic in domestic animals
*Infections often asymptomatic in domestic animals
**Can cause cillous atrophy leading to malabsorption
**Can cause villous atrophy leading to malabsorption
**Infection can persist for weeks to months if not treated
**Infection can persist for weeks to months if not treated
==Epidemiology==
==Epidemiology==
*Infection via direct oral-faecal route or through contaminated water source (water-bourne)
*Infection via direct oral-faecal route or through contaminated water source (water-borne)
*Wild animals may act as a source of infection for humans
*Wild animals may act as a source of infection for humans
**Cysts need to be distinguished from pollen grains and yeasts
**Cysts need to be distinguished from pollen grains and yeasts
*Cysts excretion is intermittent
*Cyst excretion is intermittent
**Faeces need to be collected over a 3 day period
**Faeces need to be collected over a 3 day period
*Cysts are '''heavy'''
*Cysts are '''heavy'''
**Needs higher density floatation fluids
**Needs higher density flotation fluids
**Do not float well in saturated sodium chloride solution
**Do not float well in saturated sodium chloride solution
*Immunoassays
*Immunoassays
**Detecting cyst antigen in faeces
**Detect cyst antigen in faeces
==Control and Treatment==
==Control and Treatment==
**Minimise risk of human infection
**Minimise risk of human infection
*Boil (or sterilise through other means) drinking water in regions of the world where drinking water may be contmainated
*Boil (or sterilise through other means) drinking water in regions of the world where drinking water may be contaminated
*Avoid uncooked foodstuffs
*Avoid uncooked foodstuffs
*[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccination]]
*[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccination]]
**Killed trophozoites
**Killed trophozoites
**Availbale in the USA for cats and dogs
**Available in the USA for cats and dogs
**Decreases the excretion and viability of cysts
**Decreases the excretion and viability of cysts
**Decreases environmental pressure
**Decreases environmental pressure