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Hepatic lipidosis is the derangement of lipid and protein metabolism, which occurs cats and dogs, but more clinically significant in cats. It is important to differentiate primary (idiopathic) hepatic lipidosis from secondary hepatic lipidosis.
Hepatic lipidosis is the derangement of lipid and protein metabolism, which occurs cats and dogs, but more clinically significant in cats. It is important to differentiate primary (idiopathic) hepatic lipidosis from secondary hepatic lipidosis.
'''Primary hepatic lipidosis''' is most recognised in obese indoor cats following anorexia in North America. The mortality rate is high unless the disease is treated aggressively.
'''Primary hepatic lipidosis''' is most recognised in obese indoor cats following anorexia in North America. The mortality rate is high unless the disease is treated aggressively. The pathogenesis includes a number of factors:
*Excessive lipid mobilisation which is induced by anorexia, illness or stress.
*Deficiency of dietary proteins and other nutrients, which reduces the liver's capacity to produce transport proteins and to metabolise fat. Recognised nutrient deficiencies include arginine, carnitine, taurine and methionine.
*Disturbances in the neurohormonal control of appetitie which results in inappropriate anorexia.
'''Secondary hepatic lipidosis''' is a common response in dogs and cats to other diseases for example, pacreatitis, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease and primary hyperlipidaemia. The effect on dogs is less clinically significant. Aggressive intervention of the hepatic lipidosis and the underlying cause is required.
'''Secondary hepatic lipidosis''' is a common response in dogs and cats to other diseases for example, pacreatitis, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease and primary hyperlipidaemia. The effect on dogs is less clinically significant. Aggressive intervention of the hepatic lipidosis and the underlying cause is required.
*Often obese cats following a sudden starvation
*Often obese cats following a sudden starvation
*Anorexia and lethargy
*Anorexia and lethargy
*Icterus
*Jaundice
*Diarrhoea (sometimes)
*Diarrhoea (sometimes)
*Palpable hepatomegaly (sometimes)
*Palpable hepatomegaly (sometimes)