| Line 82: |
Line 82: |
| | | | |
| | ===Horse=== | | ===Horse=== |
| − | A '''thoracic effusion''' may occur in the alimentary and multicentric forms of the disease, which usually has the characteristics of a '''[[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]]'''. Mediastinal lymphoma also produces clinical signs such as pointing of the forelimb, tachycardia, distension of the jugular vein and caudal displacement of the heart - it may be confused with colic. It should be differentiated from mediastinal abscessation by ultrasound of the mass and cytology of pleural fluid. Intra-abdominal neoplasia (which can be multicentric or alimentary) may presents with a history of chronic weight loss and inappetance, recurring colic and intermittant pyrexia. | + | A '''thoracic effusion''' may occur in the alimentary and multicentric forms of the disease, which usually has the characteristics of a '''[[Modified Transudate|modified transudate]]'''. |
| | | | |
| | ==Physical Examination== | | ==Physical Examination== |
| Line 147: |
Line 147: |
| | | | |
| | '''Horse''' | | '''Horse''' |
| − | :In equine lymphoma, neoplastic cells are not always present, but when they are this may allow diagnosis. | + | :In equine lymphoma, neoplastic cells are not always present, but when they are this may allow diagnosis. |
| − | | |
| − | A sample of pleural or peritoneal fluid may be sampled and examined cytologically if it is present. Otherwise a direct fine needle aspirate of the mass of lymph nodes may be performed.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Any fluid sampled should be a modified transudate and contain a mixed cell population. Neoplastic lymphocytes are pleomorphic round cells that demonstrate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis and have very basophilic cytoplasm. If these cells are present then the diagnosis of lymphoma can be confirmed, otherwise surgical biopsy may be necessary.
| |
| | | | |
| | ===Biopsy=== | | ===Biopsy=== |
| Line 220: |
Line 216: |
| | | | |
| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| − | Copas, V (2011) '''Diagnosis and treatment of equine pleuropneumonia''' ''In Practice 2011 33: 155-16''
| |
| − |
| |
| | Cowell, R. (2002) '''Diagnostic cytology and haematology of the horse''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences'' | | Cowell, R. (2002) '''Diagnostic cytology and haematology of the horse''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences'' |
| | | | |
| Line 233: |
Line 227: |
| | | | |
| | Head K. W, Else R. W, Dubielzig R.R, (2002)''' Tumours of the Alimentary Tract, in Tumours in Domestic Animals''', 4th edition, Ed Menten D. J, Iowa State Press, ''Blackwell Publishing'', Iowa, pp 471-472 | | Head K. W, Else R. W, Dubielzig R.R, (2002)''' Tumours of the Alimentary Tract, in Tumours in Domestic Animals''', 4th edition, Ed Menten D. J, Iowa State Press, ''Blackwell Publishing'', Iowa, pp 471-472 |
| − |
| |
| − | Hewetson, M (2006) '''Investigation of false colic in the horse''' ''In Practice 2006 28: 326-33''
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Milne, E (2004) '''Peritoneal fluid analysis for the differentiation of medical and surgical colic in horses''' ''In Practice 2004 26: 444-44''
| |
| | | | |
| | Morris J, Dobson J (2001) '''Gastrointestinal Tract, in Small Animal Oncology''', ''Blackwell Science'', pp 228-239 | | Morris J, Dobson J (2001) '''Gastrointestinal Tract, in Small Animal Oncology''', ''Blackwell Science'', pp 228-239 |
| Line 267: |
Line 257: |
| | [[Category:Neoplasia]] | | [[Category:Neoplasia]] |
| | [[Category:Splenic Neoplasia]] | | [[Category:Splenic Neoplasia]] |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | =====Species Differences=====
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * The form of the disease may differe between species.
| |
| − | * '''Feline'''
| |
| − | ** Alimentary.
| |
| − | *** Affects the mesenteric lymph nodes, intestine, [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]], spleen , and potentially the kidney.
| |
| − | ** Thymic
| |
| − | *** Presents as a thymis mass, also in the mediastinal lymph nodes.
| |
| − | *** The pleural lymph nodes and the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] may potentially be affected.
| |
| − | ** Multicentric
| |
| − | *** Found in the peripheral and deep lymph nodes, [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and spleen.
| |
| − | **** The kidney may sometimes be affected.
| |
| − | ** Renal
| |
| − | *** The kidney and other abdominal organs are affected.
| |
| − | ** Leukaemic
| |
| − | *** Affects the bone marrow alone.
| |
| − | *** This form is rare.
| |
| − | * '''Canine'''
| |
| − | ** Alimentary.
| |
| − | *** Affects the mesenteric lymph nodes, pancreatic lymph nodes, intestine, and potentially the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]].
| |
| − | ** Thymic.
| |
| − | *** Thymic and mediastinal masses.
| |
| − | ** Multicentric.
| |
| − | *** Affects the peripheral and deep lymph nodes, [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]], spleen and kidney.
| |
| − | * '''Bovine'''
| |
| − | ** Thymic.
| |
| − | *** Mainly affects adults.
| |
| − | *** Thymic and mediastinal masses.
| |
| − | *** Some lymph nodes are also affected.
| |
| − | ** Multicentric.
| |
| − | *** Mainly affects yopung adults.
| |
| − | *** Affects the peripheral and deep lymph nodes, spleen, [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and kidney.
| |
| − | * '''Equine'''
| |
| − | ** Takes mainly an alimentary form.
| |
| − | ** Can rarely be cutaneous.
| |
| − | * '''Porcine'''
| |
| − | ** Mainly multicentric.
| |
| − | *** Lymph nodes, [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]], spleen.
| |
| − | * '''Ovine'''
| |
| − | ** Uncommon.
| |
| − | ** May be multicentric or thymic.
| |