Difference between revisions of "Melioidosis"

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(Pseudoglanders)
 
(Pseudoglanders)
*Caused by [[:Category:Pseudomonas and Burkholderia species|''Pseudomonas (Malleomyces) pseudomallei'']], Closely related to [[Burkholderia mallei|''P. mallei'']] in [[Equine Alimentary System  - Anatomy & Physiology|horses]]
+
*Caused by [[Burkholderia pseudomallei|''Pseudomonas (Malleomyces) pseudomallei'']], Closely related to [[Burkholderia mallei|''P. mallei'']] in [[Equine Alimentary System  - Anatomy & Physiology|horses]]
 
*Causes disease in sheep, goats and pigs, occasionally other species
 
*Causes disease in sheep, goats and pigs, occasionally other species
 
*Starts as a pyemia and localises in varius tissues, including the lung as abscessation
 
*Starts as a pyemia and localises in varius tissues, including the lung as abscessation

Revision as of 22:03, 27 April 2011

(Pseudoglanders)

  • Caused by Pseudomonas (Malleomyces) pseudomallei, Closely related to P. mallei in horses
  • Causes disease in sheep, goats and pigs, occasionally other species
  • Starts as a pyemia and localises in varius tissues, including the lung as abscessation
    • Encapsulated abscesses contain yellow, caseous or creamy pus
  • Pathogenesis:
    • Infection via ingestion, inhalation or skin wounds from environment
    • Exotoxin, dermonecrotic protease and lecithinase implicated in pathogenicity
    • Strain virulence and host immunosuppression important
  • Clinical infections:
    • Opportunistic infection with stress and immunosuppression predisposing to disease
    • Abscesses develop in many organs including lungs, spleen, liver, joints, CNS, upper respiratory tract
    • Chronic, debilitating, progressive disease with long incubation period
    • Many animal species susceptible
    • Referred to as pseudoglanders in horses
  • Diagnosis:
    • Specimens: pus from abscesses, affected tissues, blood
    • Fluorescent antibody technique on tissue smears
    • Blood agar and MacConkey agar plates, incubated aerobically
    • Colonies have musty smell
    • Lactose fermentation on MacConkey
    • Slide agglutination
    • ELISA, complement fixation and indirect haemagglutination tests for serum antibodies
  • Treatment/control: slaughter of infected animals where exotic
  • Pneumonia and arthritis are the most common presentation