Difference between revisions of "Newcastle Disease Virus"
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[[Image:Newcastle Disease.jpg|150px|thumb|right|''Newcastle Disease'' <br> L. Mahin, Wikimedia Commons]] | [[Image:Newcastle Disease.jpg|150px|thumb|right|''Newcastle Disease'' <br> L. Mahin, Wikimedia Commons]] | ||
| − | + | ==Hosts== | |
Gallinaceous birds, pigeons, parrots, finches | Gallinaceous birds, pigeons, parrots, finches | ||
Subclinical carriers: ducks, ostriches | Subclinical carriers: ducks, ostriches | ||
| − | + | ==Pathogenesis== | |
Transmission via aerosol and direct contact | Transmission via aerosol and direct contact | ||
Disease ranges from subclinical respiratory tract infections -> torticollis -> haemorrhages and death | Disease ranges from subclinical respiratory tract infections -> torticollis -> haemorrhages and death | ||
| − | + | ==Diagnosis== | |
Two diagnostic tests currently exist: | Two diagnostic tests currently exist: | ||
Animal test: | Animal test: | ||
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The more basic amino acids the more virulent the virus | The more basic amino acids the more virulent the virus | ||
| − | + | ==Control== | |
*Newcastle Disease is '''NOTIFIABLE''' | *Newcastle Disease is '''NOTIFIABLE''' | ||
*Vaccination of chickens and racing pigeons | *Vaccination of chickens and racing pigeons | ||
Revision as of 13:25, 29 July 2010
Newcastle disease is a virus from the family Paramyxoviridae. Avian paramyxovirus 1 affects chickens, ducks, pheasants, geese and turkeys. The virus is stable in carcasses for weeks, so has the potential to affect a large amount of
Hosts
Gallinaceous birds, pigeons, parrots, finches
Subclinical carriers: ducks, ostriches
Pathogenesis
Transmission via aerosol and direct contact Disease ranges from subclinical respiratory tract infections -> torticollis -> haemorrhages and death
Diagnosis
Two diagnostic tests currently exist: Animal test: 1. Samples of trachea and gut of 20 birds are tested in eggs HI using anti-NDV serum (to differentiate HA caused by Avian Influenza Virulence of isolate tested by the speed it kills chicks
2. DNA test (which will soon replace the animal test): Sequencing the cleavage site of H gene The more basic amino acids the more virulent the virus
Control
- Newcastle Disease is NOTIFIABLE
- Vaccination of chickens and racing pigeons
- Surveillance of imported exotic birds
- Isolation of infected stock
- Infected premises to be culled and firebreak cull if spread