Ovarian Cysts
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Cysts associated with the ovary and surrounding structures are common. Remember they may be physiological (Graafian/ovulatory follicles can be very large, e.g. mare).
CYSTS
- Follicular: Failure of follicle to ovulate due to failure of LH release. (>2.5cm in cow).
These cysts may secrete oestrogen which can alternate cyclic activity leading to anoestrus or nymphomania and changes in rest of reproductive tract, e.g. cystic endometrium and mammary hyperplasia. Seen in cattle and pigs but not seen in mares.
- Luteinised follicles (cysts): The failure to ovulate due to inadequate or delayed LH release. The cyst is partially luteinised and there is no oestrogen production.
- Cystic corpora lutea: Ovulation occurs normally but with exaggeration of normal fluid filled space in CL 1 mm to 1-2 cm in size, there is no clinical significance.
- Others: tuboovarian cysts in cattle, cystic ovarian bursa, rete cysts in cats, mesonephric duct remnant cysts.