Difference between revisions of "Pelvis - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
*Hip Bones: | *Hip Bones: | ||
**Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate | **Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate | ||
| − | ** | + | **[[Ilium - Anatomy and Physiology|Ilium]]: craniodorsal, extends obliquely forward from hip to articulate with sacrum |
***Cranial wing varies between species | ***Cranial wing varies between species | ||
***Dorsally, forms '''sacral tuber''' more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats | ***Dorsally, forms '''sacral tuber''' more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
**'''Pubis''': extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor | **'''Pubis''': extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor | ||
***L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial) | ***L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial) | ||
| − | ** | + | **[[Ischium - Anatomy & Physiology|Ischium]]: caudal, forms most of pelvic floor |
***'''Ischial tuberosity''' is formed by the caudolateral corner of the horizontal plate of the ischium | ***'''Ischial tuberosity''' is formed by the caudolateral corner of the horizontal plate of the ischium | ||
**The '''Pelvic Symphysis''' comprises both pubis and ischium | **The '''Pelvic Symphysis''' comprises both pubis and ischium | ||
Revision as of 14:56, 11 August 2008
Pelvic Girdle
- Two symmetrical halves: hip bones (ossa cosarum) meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally
- Hip Bones:
- Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate
- Ilium: craniodorsal, extends obliquely forward from hip to articulate with sacrum
- Cranial wing varies between species
- Dorsally, forms sacral tuber more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats
- Ventrally, forms tuber coxae, or the point of the hip
- Margin of the wing is known as the iliac crest
- Body is deeply excavated for attachment of the gluteus medius
- Greater Sciatic Notch on dorsal border of the wing is cut away at its junction with the shaft to allow the sciatic nerve passage en route to the hind limb
- Pubis: extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor
- L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial)
- Ischium: caudal, forms most of pelvic floor
- Ischial tuberosity is formed by the caudolateral corner of the horizontal plate of the ischium
- The Pelvic Symphysis comprises both pubis and ischium
- The Acetabulum"" provides the socket to the joint of the hip, and is comprised of all three bones of the pelvis
- Species differences:
- Larger species have a more vertical ilium, bringing the sacroiliac joint (and with it the weight of the trunk) closer to the hip
- Smaller species have an oblique ilium
Pelvic Joints and Ligaments
- Pelvic Symphysis: secondary cartilaginous joint that ossifies with age and may expand in parturition
- Sacroiliac joints: synovial joints combined with fibrous joints
- Transmits the weight of the trunk to the hindlimbs
- Sacrotuberous ligament varies tremendously between species, caudal edge is palpable
- Dog: stout cord extending between the sacrum and lateral ischial tuberosity
- Cat: not present
- Ungulates: Sacrosciatic ligament expands to a broad sheet