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The Placenta is a hugely important endocrine organ, producing many [[Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which affect the status of pregnancy and the maternal physiology.

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The Placenta is a hugely important endocrine organ, producing many [[Endocrine System - Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which affect the status of pregnancy and the maternal physiology.

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|<font color=Purple>Prostaglandin F2a</font>

|Prostaglandin F2a

|Produced towards the end of pregnancy in increasing amounts to allow for parturition.

|Produced towards the end of pregnancy in increasing amounts to allow for parturition.

|Causes luteolysis and promotes uterine contractions.

|Causes luteolysis and promotes uterine contractions.

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|<font color=Purple>Progesterone</font>

|Progesterone

|The Placenta takes over Progesterone production from the Corpus Luteum to maintain the pregnancy.

|The Placenta takes over Progesterone production from the Corpus Luteum to maintain the pregnancy.

|Maintains the pregnancy by thickening the cervix, depressing the maternal immune response and preventing ovulation. It also promotes mammary growth.

|Maintains the pregnancy by thickening the cervix, depressing the maternal immune response and preventing ovulation. It also promotes mammary growth.

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|<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font>

|Oestrogen

|Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows.

|Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows.

|Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|pituitary gland]].

|Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the [[Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|pituitary gland]].

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|<font color=Purple>Placental Lactogen<font>

|Placental Lactogen

|This is related to [[Lactation - Endocrine Control - Anatomy & Physiology|Prolactin]] and [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Growth Hormone - Anatomy & Physiology|Growth hormone]], and is produced by the placenta and uterus.

|This is related to [[Lactation - Endocrine Control - Anatomy & Physiology|Prolactin]] and [[Pituitary Growth Hormone - Anatomy & Physiology|Growth hormone]], and is produced by the placenta and uterus.

|Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents.

|Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents.

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|<font color=Purple>Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG)<font>

|Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG)

|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells, and is actually the same molecule as equine LH.

|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells, and is actually the same molecule as equine LH.

|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for [[Gestation -Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy - Anatomy & Physiology|Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy]] in equids.

|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for [[Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy - Anatomy & Physiology|Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy]] in equids.

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|<font color=Purple>Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)<font>

|Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells.

|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells.

|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for [[Gestation -Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy - Anatomy & Physiology|Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy]] in primates.

|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for [[Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy - Anatomy & Physiology|Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy]] in primates.

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