Difference between revisions of "Placenta Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology"

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<big><center>[[Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
 
<big><center>[[Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
  
 +
<big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
  
 +
 +
The Placenta t
  
  
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|+ ''Hormones of the Testes''
 
|+ ''Hormones of the Testes''
 
!Hormone
 
!Hormone
−
!Regulation
+
!Production and Regulation
 
!Action
 
!Action
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<font color=Purple>Prostaglandin F2a</font>
 
|<font color=Purple>Prostaglandin F2a</font>
−
|   -
+
|Produced towards the end of pregnancy in increasing amounts to allow for parturition.
−
|Causes luteolysis.
+
|Causes luteolysis and promotes uterine contractions.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<font color=Purple>Progesterone</font>
 
|<font color=Purple>Progesterone</font>
−
|Sertoli Cells
+
|The Placenta takes over Progesterone production from the Corpus Luteum to maintain the pregnancy.
−
|GnRH from the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]] causes FSH secretion from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]] which stimulates the Sertoli Cells.
+
|Maintains the pregnancy by thickening the cervix, depressing the maternal immune response and preventing ovulation. It also promotes mammary growth.
−
|Prevents secretion of further FSH from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]].
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font>
 
|<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font>
−
|Sertoli Cells
+
|Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows.
−
|GnRH from the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]] causes FSH secretion from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]] which stimulates the Sertoli Cells.
+
|Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|pituitary gland]].
−
|Converted from testosterone, this hormone's function is complex. It may prevent apoptosis of male germ cells.
+
|-
 +
|<font color=Purple>Placental Lactogen<font>
 +
|This is related to [[Lactation - Endocrine Control - Anatomy & Physiology|Prolactin]] and [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Growth Hormone - Anatomy & Physiology|Growth hormone]], and is produced by the placenta and uterus.
 +
|Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|<font color=Purple>Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG)<font>
 
|<font color=Purple>Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG)<font>
−
|Sertoli Cells
+
|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells, and is actually the same molecule as equine LH.
−
|GnRH from the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]] causes FSH secretion from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]] which stimulates the Sertoli Cells.
+
|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in equids.
−
|Converted from testosterone, this hormone's function is complex. It may prevent apoptosis of male germ cells.
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|<font color=Purple>hCG<font>
+
|<font color=Purple>Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)<font>
−
|Sertoli Cells
+
|This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells.
−
|GnRH from the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]] causes FSH secretion from the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]] which stimulates the Sertoli Cells.
+
|Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in primates.
−
|Converted from testosterone, this hormone's function is complex. It may prevent apoptosis of male germ cells.
 
 
|}
 
|}

Revision as of 11:56, 3 July 2008

BACK TO ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY


The Placenta t


Hormones of the Testes
Hormone Production and Regulation Action
Prostaglandin F2a Produced towards the end of pregnancy in increasing amounts to allow for parturition. Causes luteolysis and promotes uterine contractions.
Progesterone The Placenta takes over Progesterone production from the Corpus Luteum to maintain the pregnancy. Maintains the pregnancy by thickening the cervix, depressing the maternal immune response and preventing ovulation. It also promotes mammary growth.
Oestrogen Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows. Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the pituitary gland.
Placental Lactogen This is related to Prolactin and Growth hormone, and is produced by the placenta and uterus. Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents.
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells, and is actually the same molecule as equine LH. Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in equids.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells. Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in primates.
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